1. What are the principles of aquaculture?
How is stock selected?
How are the fish bred?
How are nutrition, disease and competition controlled?
How is the environment manipulated?

2. Aquaculture… a definition
Aquaculture (also known as fish or shellfish farming) refers to the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of plants and animals in all types of water environments including ponds, rivers, lakes, and the ocean. This is done through control of the environment by selecting suitable species and controlling limiting factors.

3. TASK Use the following resources to complete the grid
Textbook pages
Teachers notes
Powerpoint on aquaculture (on website)

4. The principles of aquaculture
Stock selection for desirable characteristics
eg colour, growth rate, tolerance of high population density
Breeding
collection of eggs and milt (sperms), fertilization, raising of young fish
Control of disease
immunisation
use of antibiotics
reduced stocking density
Control of competition
exclusion/killing of predators/competitors
Nutrition
for herbivores - provision/growth of plant foods
for carnivores - provision of food from waste/low value fish catch
Manipulation of the environment (temperature , O2, light levels)
temperature control - growth rate, dissolved oxygen levels
dissolved oxygen - survival of sensitive species
eg trout, salmon
light levels - control of breeding