1. Particle Theory of Matter
SNC1D - Chemistry Unit

2. Particle Theory
A theory is a series of statements which are developed to explain several related observations
A model is used as a guide for the imagination when using a theory

3. Particle Theory The particle theory states that…
All matter is made of small particles

4. Particle Theory
2. All particles of the same substance are made up of the same particles, regardless of state (solid, liquid, gas)

5. Particle Theory
3. The particles attract one another. These forces get stronger as the particles get closer

6. Particle Theory
4. The space between particles are larger compared to the sizes of the particles themselves

7. Particle Theory
5. Particles are always moving

8. States of Matter

9. States of Matter
Some substances exist only in one state of matter

10. States of Matter
Some substances exist in more than one state of matter. Water is a common example

11. Solids attraction between particles is strong
space between particles is small (particles are close together)
there is little motion of particles - movement is mostly vibrational

12. Liquids attraction between particles is medium
space between particles is medium
movement is vibrational and rotational

13. Gases attraction between particles is weak
space between particles is large
movement is vibrational, rotational and translational

14. Gas vs. Vapour gas = gas at room temperature
vapour = the gaseous state of a substance that is liquid at room temperature

15. Using the particle theory, explain what happens when you heat a substance.

16. Heat
heat = energy
added energy breaks the attractive forces between the particles
particles spread apart and movement increases

17.  pressure, compress particles together,  volume
Temp
Vol
Explanation 
 temp,  energy,  motion of particles,  volume taken up by moving particles 
vice versa
constant
 pressure, compress particles together,  volume

18. Diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

19. shape of container shape of container fixed size of container fixed
Property
States
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Shape
Volume
Ability to be compressed
Expansion upon heating
Ability to Flow
shape of container
shape of container
fixed
size of container
fixed
fixed
not easily
not easily
yes
expands
expands
expands
no flow
flows
flows