1. CHAPTER 9 Section 1 Terms, People, and Places
Byzantine Empire
Constantinople
Justinian
Justinian’s Code
Autocrat
Theodora
Patriarch
Icon
Great Schism
Temporary
Unify
Hagia Sophia

2. The Byzantine Empire – Reached it’s peak under the emperor Justinian ( ). Officially collapses when the Ottoman Turks take over Constantinople in and make it the capital of the Ottoman Empire and name Istanbul.
Constantinople – The capital of the Byzantine Empire. It commanded key trade routes linking Europe to Asia. It connected the Mediterranean and Black seas.
Justinian – A Byzantine Emperor determined to revive Ancient Rome. He had both political and spiritual power.

3. Justinian’s Code – Restructured Roman Law
Autocrat – Sole ruler with complete authority
Theodora – She was Justinian’s wife who was a shrewd politician. She served as Advisor and Co- Ruler.
Patriarch – The highest church official in the orthodox church.
Icon – Holy Image

4. Great Schism – The split of Eastern and Western Christianity.
Temporary – Lasting for or relating to a limited time
Unify – To bring people or things together to form a single unit or entity.
Hagia Sophia – Means “great Wisdom” and is a great architectural beauty and an important monument both for Byzantine and Ottoman Empires. Once a church, later a mosque.

5. CHAPTER 9 Section 2 Terms, People, and Places
Steppe
Kiev
Cyrillic
Golden Horde
Ivan the Great
Tsar
Ivan the Terrible
Tolerate

6. Steppe – The open, treeless, grasslands of southern Russia
Steppe – The open, treeless, grasslands of southern Russia. This region of medieval Russia served as a great highway for nomadic migration.
Kiev – The center of the first Russian state. It was a blended culture of Slavs and Vikings.
Cyrillic – Alphabet used in Russia, Ukraine, Serbia, and Bulgaria.
Golden Horde – Mongol invaders who were defeated in 1380 by the Russian princes of Moscow who united and continued the Mongol’s use of absolute power.

7. Ivan the Great – Ivan the III was a driving force behind Moscow’s successes. Between 1462 and 1505, he brought much of northern Russia under his rule.
Tsar – Russian word for Caesar.
Ivan the Terrible – The Russian ruler who slaughtered many of his people leaving behind rebellion. He also brought “serfdom” to the Russian State.
Tolerate – Recognized and does not suppress the different beliefs or practices of other people

8. CHAPTER 9 Section 3 Terms, People, and Places
Shaping Eastern Europe
Balkan Peninsula
Ethnic Group
Diet
Golden Bull of 1222
Dominate

9. Shaping Eastern Europe – Benefited by providing protection to the Jews.
Balkan Peninsula – An area of south east Europe extending into the Mediterranean Sea.
Ethnic Group – People who share the same language and cultural heritage.
Diet – Assembly, where the vote of a single noble could block the passage of a law.
Golden Bull of 1222 – Limited the power of Hungarian Kings.
Dominate – To have control, power, or authority over somebody or something.