1. Lipoprotein (a) and Vascular Health in Children with Dyslipidemia
Omar Qayum1, Geetha Raghuveer2, Navya Reddy1
1UMKC School of Medicine, 2Children’s Mercy Hospital
INTRODUCTION
Atherosclerosis begins in childhood and can result in premature coronary artery disease and stroke.
Lipoprotein (a), or Lp(a), is a particle similar in structure to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol that is thought to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis results in structural vessel changes, reflected by increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT).
Atherosclerosis also decreases vascular distensibility, which is the ability for the vasculature to stretch and accommodate the pulsatile output of the heart.
METHODS
Sample: 64 children with dyslipidemia aged 9-18 years from the CMH Preventive Cardiology Clinic
Case group: 32 with elevated Lp(a) (≥ 30 mg/dL)
Control group: 32 without elevated Lp(a) (< 30 mg/dL)
Independent Variable: Lp(a) level
Dependent Variables:
Vascular distensibility: measured with SphygmoCor® XCEL Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) analyzer
PWV = carotid−femoral pulse distance pulse transit time
cIMT: measured at far wall of the common carotid artery
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Figure 2: Schematic of PWV calculation. ΔL represents arterial path length and Δt represents pulse transit time2
RESULTS
This study is currently pending approval by the Institutional Review Board.
Patient recruitment will begin following approval.
SIGNIFICANCE
Lp(a) has been identified as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adults, but its role in children is unknown.
Early identification of cardiovascular risk and intervention in children may help prevent future adverse outcomes.
REFERENCES
1. Dieplinger B, Dieplinger H. New Insights into the Assembly and Metabolism of ApoB-Containing Lipoproteins from in vivo Kinetic Studies: Results on Healthy Subjects and Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. In: Lipoproteins - Role in Health and Diseases, Kostner G, ed. InTech; 2012
2. Laurent S, et. al. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. European Heart Journal: 2006:27(21):
Figure 1: Structure of Lp(a)1