1. POLITICS IN THE GUILDED AGE
CHAPTER 7 - SECTION 3
POLITICS
IN THE
GUILDED AGE
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2. WHAT DOES A POLITICAL MACHINE DO?
THE
CITY
BOSS
WARD BOSS
PRECINCT CAPTAINS
PRECINCT WORKERS
VOTERS / CITIZENS
IT CONTROLS A
POLITICAL
PARTY
AND…
OFFERS
SERVICES
TO…
VOTERS
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3. THE ROLE OF POLITICAL BOSSES
PATRONAGE
PASS OUT GOV’T JOBS
AWARD GOV’T CONTRACTS
GRANT LICENSES
HELP IMMIGRANTS
WITH JOBS, CITIZENSHIP
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4. PROBLEMS WITH POLITICAL MACHINES
GRAFT
ILLEGAL USE OF POLITICAL INFLUENCE FOR PERSONAL GAIN
KICKBACKS
ILLEGAL PAYMENTS FOR CONTRACTS
BRIBES
VOTER FRAUD
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5. THE TWEED RING SCANDAL TAMMANY HALL (NYC) CORRUPTION
EVENTUAL CONVICTION
NYC
City Hall
$145 million
13 years
WILLIAM
MARCY
“BOSS” TWEED
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6. THOMAS NAST POLITICAL CARTOONIST REVEALED TWEED CORRUPTION
Self-portrait
THOMAS NAST
POLITICAL CARTOONIST
REVEALED TWEED CORRUPTION
CREDITED WITH CREATING…
REPUBLICAN ELEPHANT
DEMOCRATIC DONKEY
“UNCLE SAM”
AND SANTA CLAUS
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8. READ ISAAC’S STORM BY ERIC LARSON
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12. THE SPOILS SYSTEM PROBLEMS 1- UNQUALIFIED WORKERS
“TO THE VICTOR GOES THE SPOILS”
PROBLEMS
1- UNQUALIFIED WORKERS
2- USED FOR PERSONAL GAIN
3- UNSTABLE CIVIL SERVICE
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14. THE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM
JOBS BASED ON MERIT
NOT GIVEN TO FRIENDS
JOB RELATED TEST
PROPOSED IN 1876
BY PRESIDENT HAYES
UNSUCCESSFUL
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15. THE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM
PRES. GARFIELD
TOOK OFFICE 1881
KILLED IN 1881
PRES. CHESTER ARTHUR
ABLE TO REFORM SYSTEM
PENDLETON ACT(1883)
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16. “Gentlemen” George Pendleton
U.S.
HOUSE
MEMBER
FROM
OHIO
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18. Year
Executive branch civilians (1,000)
Uniformed military personnel (1,000)
Leg & jud branch personnel (1,000)
Total Fed personnel (1,000)
1993
2,947
1,744 66
4,758
1994
2,908
1,648 63
4,620
1995
2,858
1,555 62
4,475
1996
2,786
1,507 61
4,354
1997
2,725
1,439
4,226
1998
2,727
1,407
4,196
1999
2,687
1,386
4,135
2000
2,639
1,426
4,129
2001
2,640
1,428 64
4,132
2002
2,630
1,456
4,152
2003
2,666
1,478 65
4,210
2004
2,650
1,473
4,187
2005
2,636
1,436
4,138
2006
2,637
1,432
4,133
2007
1,427
4,127
2008
2,692
1,450
4,206
2009
2,774
1,591
4,430
2010
2,776
1,602
4,443
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19. THE STRUGGLE OVER TARIFFS
WHAT ARE TARIFFS?
TAXES ON IMPORTS
WHO WANTED THEM?
BUSINESS OWNERS
LABOR LEADERS
FARMERS
REPUBLICANS
WHO DIDN’T WANT THEM?
CONSUMERS
DEMORACTS
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20. LOWERED TARIFFS - AGAIN 1892 WILLIAM MCKINLEY RAISED TARIFFS - AGAIN
1884 GROVER CLEVELAND
DEMOCRAT
LOWERED TARIFFS
1888 BENJAMIN HARRISON
REPUBLICAN
RAISED TARIFFS
1892 GROVER CLEVELAND
LOWERED TARIFFS - AGAIN
1892 WILLIAM MCKINLEY
RAISED TARIFFS - AGAIN
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21. THE STRUGGLE OVER TARIFFS
PRES. CLEVELAND
1888 ELECTION
WON POP VOTE
BUT LOST ELECTION
ELECTORAL COLLEGE
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