1. Surface Water
Chapter 9

2. Water Cycle Also the _________ cycle Driving force is the ____
Review: condensation, precipitation, transpiration, evaporation, infiltration
Runoff

3. Runoff Water flowing __________ along Earth’s surface
Due to __________
Can reach a body of water, _________, or ________ the ground
The path the water takes depends on
Soil composition
Rate of precipitation
___________
Slope

4. Streams
If water does not infiltrate the ground or _________, it eventually collects and forms ________________
All streams flow downslope to - ______ elevations
___________ are rivers that flow into other streams

5. Stream systems
___________ – all the land area whose water drains into a stream system
Can be large or small
_________ – high land area that separates watersheds
Water flows away from the divide

6. Stream Load Material that a stream ________ Carried in three ways
__________: all particles small enough to be held up by the turbulence of the water
Faster water carries _______ particles
Bed load: the sand, pebbles and cobbles that the stream’s water can ____ or ____ along the bed of the stream
Can cause _________
Solution: materials can be _________ in a stream’s water

7. Stream Carrying Capacity
The ability of a stream to _______ material
Depends on
________
Shape of channel, amount of friction
Amount of water
________ – volume of water that passes a point in a given time period

8. Floods Occur when water spills over the sides of a stream’s ______
_________ – flat area outside of stream banks covered by excess water
Natural _______ – continuous ridges formed from sediment deposited over time by floods

9. Flood Stages
Crest – _________ point the water level reaches in a stream
_____ ______ – when the water level in the stream is higher than its banks
Upstream flood – _____ area
___________ flood – large region
Can cause extensive damage

10. Monitoring and Warning
National Weather Service
FEMA
US Geological Survey