1. Chapter 3: Section 2
Fluids

2. What is a fluid?
Fluids are similar to gases in that they have no shape
Fluids “Flow”
Fluids flow easily because the particles move past one another easily
This is different from a solid because solids can’t move past each other

3. Buoyant Force The upward force that fluids exert on an object
Buoyancy Explains why objects float
All fluids exert pressure amount of force in a given area
If the object is less dense than water the pressure keeps it floating
Boats float because the hull is hollowed out it becomes less dense than water
Archimedes Principle
The principle states that the buoyant force is an upward force equal to the weight of the volume of fluid the object displaces.

5. Fluids and Pressure
Pressure can be calculated by dividing force by the area the force is being exerted
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒= 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎
The units for pressure is called a pascal or Pa
1 Pa is equal to 1 Newton per square meter

6. Pascal's Principle
States that a fluid in equilibrium (Equal on both sides) contained in a vessel exerts a pressure of equal intensity in all directions.

7. Practice Problem
A hydraulic lift, makes use of Pascal’s Principal, to lift a 19,000 N Car: If the area of the small piston (A1) equals 𝑐𝑚 2 and the area of the large piston (A2) equals 400 𝑐𝑚 2 , what force needs to be exerted on the small piston to lift the car?

8. Fluids in Motion Liquids vary in how fast or slow (rate) the move
Viscosity
A liquids resistance to flow
Honey would have a high viscosity
Water would have a lower viscosity

9. Assignment Chapter 3 Section 2 Page 86 Vocab and Section 2 Review
Numbers 1-9