1. Chapter 10 Land Use Review
2018

2. Multiple choice answers
Chapter 10 D B C A E

3. Give an example and define the tragedy of the commons.

4. Give an example and define the tragedy of the commons.
Dilemma arising from the situation in which multiple individuals, acting independently and rationally consulting their own self-interest, will ultimately deplete a shared limited resource even when it is clear that it is not in anyone's long-term interest for this to happen.

5. Give a definition and example of an externality

6. Give a definition and example of an externality
A cost that is not included in the purchase price or an unexpected consequence of an action.

7. Maximum sustainable yield can be achieved by harvesting the resource at _______

8. Maximum sustainable yield can be achieved by harvesting the resource at 50% of carrying capacity

9. Use this graph to set the ITQ for 10 boats
Use this graph to set the ITQ for 10 boats. Make the fishery sustainable and have maximum profits.

10. Use this graph to set the ITQ for 10 boats
Use this graph to set the ITQ for 10 boats. Make the fishery sustainable and have maximum profits. MSY is divided by 10 is 50 fish per boat.

11. Name two timber harvesting techniques.

12. Name two timber harvesting techniques
Name two timber harvesting techniques. Clear Cutting and Selective cutting

13. Know advantages and disadvantages of the two types of timber harvest.

14. Advantage of Clear Cutting
Advantage of Selective Cutting
Economically cheaper
Mimics natural disturbances
Good for sun loving species
Provides shade for streams
Opens land for pioneer species
Prevents erosion
Limits eutrophication

15. If 1,000 lodgepole pines can be grown on 20 hectares, how many lodgepole pines can be grown on 50 hectares?

16. If 1,000 lodgepole pines can be grown on 20 hectares, how many lodgepole pines can be grown on 50 hectares?

17. What is the resource conservation ethic?

18. What is the resource conservation ethic
What is the resource conservation ethic? Its primary focus is upon maintaining the health of the natural world, its fisheries, habitats, and biological diversity. Use resources sustainably. Greatest good for everybody (utilitarianism)

19. What is most of the common land in the United States used for?

20. What is most of the common land in the United States used for? Grazing

21. What did the Taylor Act of 1934 do?

22. What did the Taylor Act of 1934 do
What did the Taylor Act of 1934 do? Established permits to allow cattle to graze on common land and avoid the tragedy of the commons.

23. How does cattle grazing produce poor water quality?

24. How does cattle grazing produce poor water quality
How does cattle grazing produce poor water quality? Cows produce manure which can leach into the water and cause eutrophication. Cows also cause erosion by destroying river banks as they cross streams. Overgrazing can lead to erosion of topsoil.

25. If one cow creates 30kg of manure in a day
If one cow creates 30kg of manure in a day. How much manure would 300 cows produce in 30 days?

26. If one cow creates 30kg of manure in a day
If one cow creates 30kg of manure in a day. How much manure would 300 cows produce in 30 days?

27. Where do most people live in the US (urban, suburban or rural)
Where do most people live in the US (urban, suburban or rural)? And, are the pictures correct?

28. Where do most people live in the US (urban, suburban or rural)
Where do most people live in the US (urban, suburban or rural)? And, are the pictures correct? NO

29. Name a negative environmental impact of Urban Sprawl

30. Name a negative environmental impact of Urban Sprawl – less habitat for animals, more driving which increases global temperatures, heat islands, more runoff, less infiltration, etc.

31. Does Smart Growth cause urban sprawl?

32. Does Smart Growth cause urban sprawl? No, it prevents sprawl

33. What is the greatest threat to terrestrial plant and animal species?

34. What is the greatest threat to terrestrial plant and animal species
What is the greatest threat to terrestrial plant and animal species? Habitat Loss

35. What is an EIS?

36. What is an EIS? Environmental Impact Statements assess the impacts of a project
Does an EIS force the developer to follow the most environmentally friendly plan?

37. What is an EIS? Environmental Impact Statements assess the impacts of a project
Does an EIS force the developer to follow the most environmentally friendly plan? NO, an EIS only forces developers to list the impacts and suggest alternatives.

38. What part of the United States has the most wilderness areas?

39. What part of the United States has the most wilderness areas? Alaska

40. Name some positive environmental impacts associated with prescribed burns.

41. Name some positive environmental impacts associated with prescribed burns. Future fires are less destructive, reduces underbrush, good for plants that need more sunlight like pioneer species. Some seeds need fire to germinate. Adds nutrients to soil.

42. Graph the trend between suppressing fires and the buildup of biomass on the forest floor.

43. Graph the trend between suppressing fires and the buildup of biomass on the forest floor.
Low Biomass Buildup High
Low Fire Suppression High

44. What is desertification?

45. What is desertification
What is desertification? Areas near deserts become deserts because of soil salinization or overgrazing or the unsustainable harvest of trees.

46. Define aquaculture and describe a positive environmental impact associated with this practice.

47. Define aquaculture and describe a positive environmental impact associated with this practice. Growing marine or freshwater organisms for consumption. May protect wild stocks from over fishing.

48. List some of the negative environmental impacts associated with the practice of aquaculture

49. List some of the negative environmental impacts associated with the practice of aquaculture

50. How can you prevent the tragedy of the commons in fishing?

51. How can you prevent the tragedy of the commons in fishing
How can you prevent the tragedy of the commons in fishing? Use size or gear regulations, set ITQ to match MSY, use aquaculture, remove impediments to spawning such as dams for salmon, and only purchase fish that are not over exploited.

52. How are species raised in aquaculture different than wild species?

53. How are species raised in aquaculture different than wild species
How are species raised in aquaculture different than wild species? Farm salmon are less genetically diverse, require more antibiotics, and are more prone to eutrophy their habitat.

54. How many square meters are in 2 square kilometers?

55. How many square meters are in 2 square kilometers?

56. The capture of what percent of the fish population results in a fishery collapse?

57. The capture of what percent of the fish population results in a fishery collapse? 90%

58. Define bycatch.

59. Define bycatch. Fish captured while pursuing another species.

60. Name an endangered species protected by Julia Butterfly Hill’s tree sit.

61. Name an endangered species protected by Julia Butterfly Hill’s tree sit. Marbled murrelet