1. CHINA

2. Sattlelite Image of China

3. Modern China

4. China vs U.S. Geography China United States Size
3.7 million square miles
3.6 million square miles
Main Physical Barrier
Himalayas, Gobi and Taklamakan
Rockies, Pacific and Atlantic
Main River
Yangtze / East - West
Mississippi / North – South
Population Greatest
East Coast

5. China’s Topography

6. China’s Precipitation

7. China’s Agriculture

8. China’s Agriculture Rice Dominant Wheat Dominant Pasture and Oasis
Double-crop rice

9. Shang Dynasty Shang Dynasty 1600 – 1050 BC Skilled bronze workers
Oracle bones provided earliest Chinese writing

10. Oracle Bones Writing carved on turtle shells or Ox scapulas
Thrown in fire or touched with hot poker
Diviner read meaning from cracks

11. Shang Dynasty Bronze
wine vessel, ceremonial dagger, and burial urn

12. Zhou Dynasty Zhou Dynasty 1050 – 770 BC
Iron Age begins (Bronze still prevalent)
Continue decentralized government based on tribute

13. T’ian Ming
Leader must be virtuous and able, in order to receive the Mandate of Heaven
The Mandate of Heaven continues as long as each generation rules well
When the leader becomes wicked and incompetent the Mandate will be revoked

14. Zhou Dynasty Artifacts
bronze bell, iron and 2 bronze swords, jade ornament

15. Period of Warring States
770 – 221 BC continuous period of warfare
Confucius, Lao Tzu (Taoism), and Sun Tzu (Art of War) emerge from this period

16. Art of War
“In the practical art of war, the best thing of all is to take the enemy's country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good. So, too, it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it… Hence to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.”

17. Confucianism
Li --> propriety, societal rules, ritual (Binding force of an enduring stable society)
Ren --> humaneness, kindness, empathy
Xiao --> filial piety (respect for elders, patriarchal society, and ancestor worship)
“The superior man (junzi) blames himself; the inferior man blames others”

18. Taoism
Wuwei --> let nature take its course and flow with it, not against it
Reject formal education
Discover nature and rhythm of the Universe
Detach from man-made societal concerns
“Free from desire, you realize the mystery.
Caught in desire, you can only see the manifestations [of that mystery].”

19. Qin Dynasty BC
Reunited China after centuries of internal warfare and gave the nation its modern name

20. Qin Dynasty Centralized government under Shi Huangdi
Many li of the Great Wall built
Legalism imposed
Confucian books burned and scholars buried

21. Shi Quangdi’s Tomb
over 8,000 warriors and 600 horses with no two alike

22. Han Dynasty
2o6 BC – 220 AD
Continues centralized state and develops strong bureaucracy

23. Han Dynasty Trade route known as Silk Road develops
Confucian classics become basis of bureaucracy
Empire expands into Kazakhstan, Korea, and Vietnam

24. Three Kingdoms AD
Shu, Wei, Wu Kingdoms battled but more stable than Warring States
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

25. Sui Dynasty
581 – 618 AD
Grand Canal, 40 paces wide and miles long, built as a unification and economic project

26. Sui Dynasty Taxation of 1 month’s labor per year – Grand Canal
Standardized coinage
Equal Field System (140 mou permanent)
Rebuilt capital and invaded Korea

27. Tang Dynasty AD
“Rule of Avoidance” to strengthen control of bureaucracy
Buddhism flourishes

28. Tang Dynasty Advances Printing Press Gunpowder Porcelain
Mechanical Clocks
Silk Road guarded again

29. Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing Dynasties
1949 AD PRC reunites China