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Diseases Help me! I’m dying.
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Disease Disease is a plant disorder caused by an infectious pathogen or agent
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Three Conditions Necessary for Diseases
Host plant Disease causing organism or pathogen must be present Favorable environment for disease organism to develop
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Groups of pathogens Bacteria Fungi Viruses
Parasitic plants- mistletoe, dodder, lichens (attach to plants)
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Plant Disease Must be identified before they can be treated
Warm temperatures and moist conditions in greenhouse plant production make most horticulture plant diseases worse
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Disease Preventing plant disease through sanitation and insect control is much easier than treating the disease.
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Diseases Blight Canker sores Damping off Galls Leaf spot Mildew Mosaic
Rots Rust Smut Wilt Parasitic Plants
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Blight- Bacteria and Fungi
Cause plant to quickly turn brown or black as if they had been burned One specific blight is fire blight-devastating apple crops
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Canker-Bacteria and Fungi
Causes open wounds on woody plant stems
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Damping off- Fungi Fungal disease
Causes young plants and seedling to rot off at soil level
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Galls- Bacteria and Fungi
Round swelling or growths on plants Usually caused by an insect that vectors the disease
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Leaf spot- Bacteria and Fungi
Rings of different shades of brown, green, or yellow Looks like dots or circles
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Mildew Grows on leaf surfaces Upper and lower leaves
Appears as white, gray or purple spots Example is powdery mildew
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Mosaic- Virus Caused by a virus
Leaves have irregular mottled areas with patterns Ranges from dark green to light green to yellow to white
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Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
This is a nasty virus Transmitted by smokers from tobacco to tomato (most often) Another reason not to smoke, y’all!
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Rots- Fungi Causes plants to decay and die Usually has a unique smell
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Rust- Fungi Causes small spots on leaves
Resembles yellow, orange, brown or red rust Mainly on underneath of leaf
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Smut- Fungi Black powdery disease Causes blisters that burst open
Releases black spores Grows on aphid’s honeydew
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Wilt- Fungi and Bacteria
Disease that blocks the uptake of water in plants stems Causes plants to look constantly wilted even when adequately watered
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Parasitic Plants Lichen Dodder Mistletoe
Roots into plant and uses its sugars and starves or chokes out host plant
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Disease Treatment Fungus? Use a fungicide
Use resistant cultivars when available for virus and wilt resistance Cut out diseased portions with sterile equipment
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Disease Treatment 4. Keep it clean 5. Reduce humidity and warmth
6. Control insects that spread disease 7. Quarantine infected plants
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Disease Treatment Remove dead plant material from area
Promote ventilation and air circulation Prevent disease, it’s easier than treating!
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