1. Light & Color Waves Section

4. Cornea – thin transparent covering
Lens – convex, focuses image onto retina
Iris – colored ring of the eye
Pupil – opening of the eye
Retina – back wall of the eye
Optic nerve – transports images from eye to brain

6. What are the 2 main ways that determine the order of the different types of waves in the Electromagnetic spectrum? Do the waves in the EM spectrum travel through conduction, convection, or radiation ?

7. Electromagnetic Spectrum
radio microwave UV Gamma Rays
radar infrared x- rays
Visible spectrum F A
Visible spectrum
Visible spectrum

8. 3. We can’t see all the parts of the EM spectrum with just our eyes
3. We can’t see all the parts of the EM spectrum with just our eyes Name 2 we can’t see.

9. The wavelengths of 4 colors in the rainbow

10. ROY G. BIV 4. Which color has the SMALLEST wavelength?
5. Having the smallest wavelength, does that make for a higher or lower frequency?

11. 6. The colors of the visible spectrum are __, __, __, ___, __, ___ and __. ROY G BIV  

12. The three outer colors are the colors of light which pair up to form the interior shades shown. The outside 3 together to make the “white in the middle”

13. The primary colors of light are ___, ___ and ___
The primary colors of light are ___, ___ and ___. When all three primary colors are combined, _____ _____ is produced.

14. The secondary colors of light are ____, ____ and ____
The secondary colors of light are ____, ____ and ____. These colors are used in color print ads.

15. Variations in colors are produced by one of two methods:
Color Addition or
Color Subtraction

16. Color Addition the process of combining colors of light
to produce other
colors

17. but the presence of all White is not a color but the presence
of all the
colors
of light
but the presence of
all

18. Black is not a
color, but the
absence of all
colors

19. Color of objects

20. Which method is a process of combining colors of light to produce new colors?

21. The color of an
object is determined
by which colors the
object absorbs and
which it reflects

22. WHITE LIGHT
a red apple
absorbs blue
and green
and
reflects red.

23. RED LIGHT
In red light there is
no green and blue
to be
reflected.

24. Green Light There is no red light to be reflected, so the
apple appears
black with
green leaves.

25. red + blue = ________ red + green = _______ blue + green = _______

27. Just the yellow:

28. Just the yellow & red:

29. Nearly complete with yellow, red & blue:

30. Now ready for mailing yellow, red & blue plus some gray and black for shading.

31. Just the yellow:

32. Just the yellow & red:

33. Nearly complete with yellow, red & blue:

34. Now ready for mailing yellow, red & blue plus some gray and black for shading.

35. We just saw how colors of light could be combined to make new colors
We just saw how colors of light could be combined to make new colors. What about removing certain colors of light and having only other colors remaining? [It’s the process of absorbing colors of light to produce new colors. ] That’s called: _______

36. Color Subtraction
is the process of
absorbing colors of light
to produce new colors

37. When you stare at the coming pictures, your eyes will do color subtraction……… you exhaust the ability to see some colors, all that’s left are the other colors….. Color Subtraction !

38. Using Afterimages
to Demonstrate
Color Subtraction

39. The Human Eye
The human eye has cone cells for detecting red, blue, and green light. These cells are used for daylight vision.
Rod cells are used in night vision since they detect only light and dark.

40. Stare at the center of the circle in the next slide.

43. Cyan is composed of blue and green
Cyan is composed of blue and green. After staring at cyan for a long time, you have exhausted the blue and green cone cells in your eye. Therefore, when you look at white, you see red after staring at cyan. (See #14 a. )

44. When have you ever experienced this phenomenon?

45. When someone takes your picture using a flashbulb, you see black spots
When someone takes your picture using a flashbulb, you see black spots. The flashbulb exhausted all of the cone cells in your eye so none of them were working for a few moments, and you don’t see any light.

46. Stare at the center of the circle in the next slide.

49. Yellow is composed of red and green
Yellow is composed of red and green. After staring at yellow for a long time, you have exhausted the red and green cone cells in your eyes. Therefore, you see blue after staring at yellow. (See #14 b. )

50. Stare at the center of the circle in the next slide.

53. Magenta is composed of red and blue
Magenta is composed of red and blue. After staring at magenta for a long time, you have exhausted the red and blue cone cells. Therefore, you see green after staring at magenta. (See #14 c. )

54. Your eyes are capable of more complicated shapes than circles
Your eyes are capable of more complicated shapes than circles. Stare at the center of the heart on the next slide.

57. You should have seen a red heart after staring at the cyan heart since you have exhausted the green and blue cone cells from staring at cyan.

58. Stare at the center of the next slide.

61. You should have seen a green smiley face since your blue and red cone cells were exhausted from staring at the magenta smiley face.

62. Your eyes are capable of resolving an even more complicated picture
Your eyes are capable of resolving an even more complicated picture. Stare at the center of the next slide.

65. Your eyes are capable of resolving an even more complicated picture
Your eyes are capable of resolving an even more complicated picture. Stare at the center of the next slide.

68. The U.S. flag was originally cyan, yellow and black.
After it was removed it appeared red, white, and blue.

69. If NO color reaches your eyes, since it is absorbed, you see BLACK
If NO color reaches your eyes, since it is absorbed, you see BLACK. If ALL color reflects and reaches your eyes you see WHITE . ( See question # 14 D )

70. Stare at the center of the even more complicated picture.

73. Constructive interference
When light waves align in sync
& the crests overlap crests &
Troughs overlap troughs producing a larger wave.

74. Destructive interference
When light waves are out of sync
& the crest of one wave overlaps
the trough of another. The new
wave is either smaller or completely
cancelled out

75. If the crests overlap crests and troughs overlap troughs from 2 different light waves, this creates a larger wave. The vocab term for this is _______.  Answer question #15, then check out the website, move the sliders to make the 2 colors the same color to demonstrate this best!

76. IF waves are out of sync. That is, crests overlap troughs from different light waves. The new wave is either smaller, or completely cancelled out. The vocab term for this is _______.  Answer question #16, then check out the same website, move the sliders to make the 2 different colors the same color to demonstrate this best!

77. No Blue light out
Red light in
Blue Light in
Outside
wall
Bright
Red
out
Inside
wall
BUBBLE

78. Polarization Process that produces light traveling in only one plane.
This can be accomplished using a polarized filter.

81. Many sunglasses have polarized lenses.

82. What process that produces light traveling in only one plane
What process that produces light traveling in only one plane? What types of products have such filters?
Click on this hyperlinked address to go to a great
interactive website on polarization of light.

83. DIFFRACTION
The bending
of a wave
as it passes
an edge or
opening

84. The bending of a sound wave as it passes an edge or an opening is called __________. Can’t light do this too? Check out this cool website, and adjust the colors too.

87. The remaining slides are NOT really in the curriculum for the Waves… Unit. If time allows, have fun doing the following to test yourself for colorblindness!

88. What Controls
Color Blindness ?

89. Color blindness usually involves the colors of red and green.
Color blindness is found in 4% of the male population and 0.25% of the female population.

90. Color blindness is a sex linked recessive genetic trait that appears on the X chromosome.
Since men have only one X chromosome, if the gene for color blindness appears on it, they will be color blind.
Women have two X chromosomes and it would have to appear on both X chromosomes before the woman would exhibit the trait.

91. Color Blind Test

92. What do you see in the next slide?

94. Everyone should have seen the number 25.
Color Blind Results
Everyone should have seen the number 25.

95. What do you see in the next slide?

97. If you have normal vision you should see the number 29.
Color Blind Results
If you have normal vision you should see the number 29.
If you are red-green color blind you will probably only see spots.

98. What do you see in the next slide?

100. If you have normal vision you should see the number 45.
Color Blind Results
If you have normal vision you should see the number 45.
If you are red-green color blind you will probably only see spots.

101. What do you see in the next slide?

103. Everyone should see the number 56.
Color Blind Results
Everyone should see the number 56.

104. What do you see in the next slide?

106. If you have normal vision you should see the number 6.
Color Blind Results
If you have normal vision you should see the number 6.
If you are red - green color blind you will probably only see spots.

107. What do you see in the next slide?

109. If you have normal vision you should see the number 8.
Color Blind Results
If you have normal vision you should see the number 8.
If you are red - green color blind you will probably only see spots.

110. What NUMBER do you see in the next slide?

112. Color Blind Results
The individual with normal color vision will see a 5 revealed in the dot pattern.
An individual with red - green (the most common) color blindness will see a 2 revealed in the dots.

113. The following Optical Illusions slides are also for your enjoyment and are NOT really in the Waves, Sound, Light and Color Unit.

114. Optical Illusions

115. Can you find the old woman and the young girl?

116. The old woman is facing the left and wearing a fur coat.
The young woman is facing the back and wearing a necklace.

117. Can you find the rabbit and the duck?

118. The duck is facing the left and the rabbit is facing the right.

119. How many tines are there?

120. Notice what looks like a tine on the left turns into empty space on the right.

121. What makes up the front of the crate?

122. Notice how what is an inside piece on the bottom right turns into an outside piece on the bottom left.

123. Are the two lines equal in length?

124. YES they are the same length
YES they are the same length. They appear different lengths because of the arrow heads connected to them.

125. What do you see?

126. You should see the word LIAR written in cursive and a person’s face.

127. Stare at the red parrot for 20 seconds. Then look at the bird cage
Stare at the red parrot for 20 seconds. Then look at the bird cage. You should be able to see the image of a cyan bird in the cage. Then stare at the green parrot for 20 seconds. Then look at the bird cage. You should now see a magenta bird in the cage.

128. What do you see?

129. There is an Eskimo turned away from you or an Indian facing left.

130. Each different picture represents the change of just one line and it transforms the face into a woman kneeling and facing the right side.

131. What do you see?

132. You should be able to see a woman’s face or a person playing a saxophone.

134. How many faces do you see?

135. There are three faces there
There are three faces there. Two are facing each other and the third is facing forward.

136. How many legs does the elephant have?

137. Some of what appear to be feet at the bottom of the diagram turn into space at the top and what appears to be legs leaving the body turn into free space at the bottom.

139. What do you see in the picture?

140. You should be able to see a woman looking in a vanity mirror or a skull.

141. What do you see?

142. You should be able to see a vase or two people facing each other.

143. How many people can you see?

144. There are 9 people in the picture.

145. What color are the horsemen?

146. There are off white horsemen moving to the left and brown horsemen moving to the left.

147. Dancing…

148. The End.