1. The Rise of Greek City-States

2. Why City-States?
The Greeks were isolated by mountains and water

3. Shipping the Greek coastline has many natural harbors.
They traded olive oil, wine and marble.
They adapted the Phoenician alphabet.

5. Development of the Alphabet

6. colonies
The Greeks began to settle colonies along the Mediterranean

7. Polis
City-state in Ancient Greece

8. Acropolis
Highest and most fortified point within a Greek city-state

11. Government
Greeks evolved their governments over time.

12. Monarchy
A government in which a king or queen exercises central power.

13. Aristocracy
The noble landowners were the military defenders of the city-state.
They slowly took control from the king
Aristocracy- rule by the landowning elite

14. Oligarchy As trade grew the merchants became more wealthy and powerful
These merchants took power from the landholding elite
Oligarchy- government in which the ruling power belongs to a few powerful people

15. Warfare Military technology increased
Iron weapons replace bronze weapons
Phalanx – a massive formation of heavily armed foot soldiers

16. Warfare
Phalanx – a massive formation of heavily armed foot soldiers

17. Two most influential city-states
ATHENS
SPARTA