1. More reduced – more H
Can be more oxidized – store more energy
Less readily available due to insolubility – require more reactions

2. Triglycerides
Esterification – condensation molecule of water is released as OH group of glycerol condenses w tih COOH of fatty acid

4. Saturated Tetrahedral Packed closely High London dispersion forces
High melting point

5. Unsaturated
One or more double C=C bonds, so one of more 120 trigonal planar
Lower melting points
Melting point increases with increase molar mass

6. Iodine number Grams of iodine reacting with 100g of fat
Measure of unsaturation (1 mol I2 reacts with each mol of C=C)
100g LA
1mol LA
2mol I2
254g I2
We would expect C17H35COOH if totally saturated.
4 Hydrogens fewer – 2 H removed for each C=C
Therefore, 2 C=C’s
280g LA
1mol LA
1mol I2
1 mol Linoleic acid  2 mol of C=C  2 mol I2
181 g I2  Iodine number 181

7. Lower I2 number – more saturated fats
What is the iodine number of a saturated fat?

8. Hydrolytic rancidity
Favored by lots of water present, presence of lipase (sometimes present due to bacteria), high temperatures, extreme pH

9. Oxidative rancidity At C=C in unsaturated fats
Accelerated by light, enzymes, or metal ions

10. Phospholipids
Glycerol +2 fatty acids & phosphate group

11. Saponification

12. Saponification can occur in oil paintings over time, causing visible damage and deformation. Oil paints are composed of pigment molecules suspended in an oil binding medium.
Heavy metal salts are often used as pigment molecules, such as in lead white, red lead, and zinc white.  If those heavy metal salts react with free fatty acids in the oil medium, metal soaps may form in a paint layer that can then migrate outward to the painting's surface

14. Steroids
Table 34