1. Application of the Fever Model
The French Revolution
Application of the Fever Model

2. Fever Model of Revolution
Much like an illness, revolutions can also be studied in stages

3. Causes - Incubation Social Inequality - three estates Three estates
First Estate (upper clergy) - 1% of population, taxed peasants
Second Estate (nobles) - 2-3% of population, paid no taxes, taxed peasants
Third Estate (Bourgeoisie, peasants, workers) - paid up to 1/2 of income in taxes
1st estate - about 100,000 Roman Catholic clergy
2nd Estate

4. Causes - Incubation Enlightenment Ideas/American Rev.
Belief all men should have liberal freedoms
Right and just to remove unjust government
Equality for all
United States Declaration of Independence and Constitution

5. Causes - Incubation King Louis XVI Weak leader
Preferred personal interests, delegated authority
Incapable of decisive action

7. Causes - Incubation Economic Crisis French economy bankrupt
Wars, Louis XVI lifestyle
Nobles not taxed
Crop failures
Debt - 1/2 budget goes to interest
Bourgeoisie begin questioning King

8. Moderate Stage-Symptoms
Estates General called, Third Estate demands reform - resisted by others

9. Moderate Stage-Symptoms
National Assembly declared (June 20, 1789)

10. Moderate Stage-Symptoms
Bastille stormed (July 14, 1789) in response to king mobilizing Swiss troops
Peasants rioting and burning feudal records - “The Great Fear”

11. Moderate Stage-Symptoms
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (Aug., 1789)
Influenced by America
Equality of all men, sovereignty resided in the people, and individual rights to libery, prosperity, and security
March of the Women (Oct., 1789)
Food protests turn into march to Versailles
King forced to move to Paris

12. Moderate Stage-Symptoms
Reforms on National Assembly
“Liberty, equality, fraternity” - motto
Dismantled feudal system
Seized Church lands
Abolished estates
Creates Constitution of limits power of king (constitutional monarchy)
Men of property could vote

13. Radical Stage - Crisis King Attempts to Flee (June, 1791)
Brunswick Manifesto
September Massacres
French Republic established - King dethroned, the Convention set up
Large scale draft
King tried and executed (Jan. 1792)

14. Radical Stage - Crisis
Robespierre / Jacobians take control of the Convention
Committee of Public Safety oversees the Reign of Terror (40,000 people executed, 300,000 arrested)
Tried to eliminate influence of the church

15. Moderate - Convalescence
Convention arrests Robespierre - executes him
The Directory takes over
Committee of five conservative men
Tries to find middle ground
Military successes outside of France
Domestically, still many problems
Napoleon stages coup, imposes new constitution - declares himself first consul
What do you think is the reaction of the French?