1. Control Freaks – The Endocrine System
Sometimes it says stop, slow down or go

2. Ahhh… vocabulary prefixes and roots
Endo = inside
Krinein = separate or distinguish same root as crisis
Endocrine =
Inside crisis
Endo means “inside”
Krinein means “to separate or distinguish” same root as crisis
So…Inside Crisis – Hormonal response to crisis

3. Crisis Response Team: The Endocrine System
System of glands that maintain homeostasis and long term control of body systems using chemical signals
Glands - Ductless glands (secrete directly into the bloodstream)

4. So what’s up with these glands?
Glands are specialized chemical factories that produce hormones that perform a specific task or group of tasks

5. Overview and Location

6. Major Glands Pituitary, Pineal, Thymus, Thyroid, Adrenal glands,
Pancreas.
In addition, men produce hormones in their testes and women produce them in their ovaries.

7. Hormones
A chemical released by a gland that travels to and regulates another organ or tissue.
Growth and development
Metabolism - how your body gets energy from the foods you eat
Sexual function
Reproduction
Mood

8. Pituitary Gland
Houses and releases hormones which regulate the other endocrine glands
Location: In the brain
Two sections:
Anterior
Posterior
See full size image708 x k - jpg - may be subject to copyright.Below is the image at:

9. Pituitary Gland

10. Anterior Pituitary Location: In front of the pituitary
Function: Releases over a dozen different trophic (nourishing) hormones
These are the receptor hormones for each target gland
Actually is a sheep’s but same difference

11. Posterior Pituitary Location: Below the pituitary
Function: Releases hormones to control
Both male and female:
Water balance in the body
Only females:
Uterine contractions during labor and delivery
Release of milk during lactation
Actually is a sheep’s but same difference

12. Thyroid gland Location: Butterfly shape below larynx
Function: Regulates cellular metabolism
Uses Iodine to make thyroid hormones
Iodized salt

13. Parathyroid gland Para = beside, near or alongside
Location: Beside thyroid in throat
Function: Controls calcium levels in the blood
Calcium controls muscle contractions
Calcium is also important in nerve signal transfer

14. Pancreas Gland Location: Between kidneys in abdominal cavity
Made of a tissue:
Islets of Langerhans
Function: Regulates blood sugar levels:
Glucagon (↑ sugar into the blood stream)
Insulin (↑ use of sugar by cells in the body)
Somatostatin (turns on and off the glucagon and insulin)

15. Adrenal Gland: Adrenal Cortex
Ad = to
Renalis = kidney
Location: On top of the kidneys
Comes in two parts:
Adrenal cortex (the outside)
Adrenal medulla (the inside)

16. Adrenal Cortex Location: The outside of the adrenal gland
Function: Produces
Steroids:
Control the salt balance in body
Provide energy for tissue repair
Estrogen and testosterone

17. Adrenal Medulla Location: The inside of the adrenal gland
Function: Produces hormones responsible for the “fight-or-flight” response
Epinephrine (turns on)
Norepinephrine (turns off)

18. Ovaries and Testes Ovaries Location: In pelvis between hip bones
Function: Produce estrogen and progesterone
Regulate female reproductive cycles
Maintain sex characteristics
Testes
Location: In scrotum
Function: Produces testosterone
Produces sperm
Maintain male sex characteristics

19. Endocrine System Summary
System of glands that maintain homeostasis and long term control of body systems using chemical signals
Chemical signals, called hormones, are released directly into the blood stream
Hormonal signals act over long times and can take a long time to reach their target
Hormones control specific body processes
Positive feedback – speeds things up
Negative feedback – slows things down