1. Understanding the Basics
Communication
Understanding the Basics

2. --Daniel Webster, American Journalist
“ If all my possessions were taken from me with one exception, I would hope to keep my power of communication --- for by it I would regain all the rest.”
--Daniel Webster, American Journalist

3. 1. Define communication 1.1 Define
Communication must include both the transference and understanding of meaning.

4. 1.2 Functions of Communication Four major function:
Information
Control
Motivation
Emotional expression

5. 1.3 the Communication Process Seven parts:
the communication source
encoding
the message
the channel
decoding
the receiver
feedback

6. 1.4 Direction of Communication
Downward
Upward
Lateral/ Horizontal
Spiral/ Diagonal

7. 1.5 Interpersonal Communication
Oral communication
Written communication
Nonverbal communication

8. 2. Organizational Communication
2.1 Formal small-group networks
Chain
Wheel
All- channel

9. Communication Networks
Wheel
All Channels
Chain

10. 2.2 Informal networks
a. cluster chain (the grapevine)
b. gossip chain
c. probability chain
d. single strand chain

12. three main characteristics:
the grapevine
three main characteristics:
First, it is not controlled by management.
Second, it is perceived by most employees as being more believable and reliable than formal communique issued by top management.
Third, it is largely used to serve the interest of the people within it.

13. For employees, the grapevine is particularly valuable for translating formal communications into their group’s own jargon.

14. 2.4 Barriers to effective communication
Organizational Structure
Difference in Status
Lack of Trust
Closed Communication Climate
Incorrect Choice of Medium
Message Complexity
Message Competition
Physical Distractions

15. Barriers Contd. Filtering Selective perception Information overload
Gender styles
Emotions
Language
Communication apprehension

16. Implications for managers:
Use multiple channels
Use feedback
Simplify language
Listen actively
Constrain emotions
Use the grapevine

17. Feedback Feedback has three main functions: Assurance Adjustment
Insight
Assurance
Adjustment
Insight

18. Use feedback Focus on specific behaviors Keep feedback impersonal
Keep feedback goal oriented
Make feedback well timed
Ensure understanding
Direct negative feedback toward behavior that is controllable by the recipient

19. CASE STUDY