1. Sectionalism at its finest
Sectionalism at its finest
Period 5.1/5.2

2. Third Parties- a Review
Anti-Masonic-1832
First Third Party- against the Free Mason (wealthy elite- control elections) Liberty- 1840,1844
First Anti- Slavery Party (cost Clay Election in New York) 62,000 votes= abolition is popular
Free Soil- 1848, 1852
No more expansion of Slavery in newly acquired territories
American (Know-Nothing)- Anti- Immigration-1856

3. 1848- Election of Popular Sovereignty
Zachary Taylor vs Lewis Cass-
Parties wanted to “lid sit” Cass did not
Father of Popular Sovereignty- the state will vote on whether or not they will be free or slave
Pro Slavery people United-
Use 5th amendment to defend slavery (emanate domain)
Known as the “Fire Eaters”
Taylor wins the Election- Millard Fillmore is VP

4. Problems facing the South in 1850
California wants to enter as a free state- Why so Fast?
Balance is 15 to 15 in 1850
Harriet Tubman
Helped more than 300 slaves escape- 1,000 a year.
Abolitionist want to abolish slavery in DC
Border dispute with New Mexico and Texas

5. Compromise of 1850- the last of the Great Triumvirate
The Great American Triumvirate- Clay, Calhoun, Webster
New Senators- Stephan Douglas- Ill.- Pro Compromise
William Seward- of NY- No Compromise
Higher Law- God’s Law, Un-Christian to allow slavery
Convinces Taylor of Higher Law
Compromise will not happen

6. Compromise of 1850- Clay California enters as a free state
Popular Sovereignty will decide slavery in the land required for NM and Utah
Texas gets 10 million in Compensation
New Mexico wins Boarder dispute
Slave Trade is Abolished in DC
New Harsh Fugitive Slave Act

8. Reaction to the Compromise
Massachusetts Nullifies the FSA and enact Personal liberty laws
Against the Law to Capture slaves
Although other states ignore the FSA but don’t nullify or enact personal liberty laws
Election of 1852:
Whigs: Winfield Scott
Dem- Franklin Pierce- Pro Slavery, Northern Democrat
Pierce- 254 to 42
Whig party fall apart due to slavery

9. International Growth 1853- Commodore Matthew Perry sail to Japan
Opens Up trade with Japan
Empire of Japan Treaty (Treaty of Kanagawa)
1854- Ostend Manifesto
US tries to buy Cuba from Spain or War.
South wants to create 5 new slave states
Free spoilers find out, leading to it failing.
1853- Gadsden Purchase
US Buys land from Mexico next to Texas,
Needed for a transcendental railroad

10. Clayton- Bulwer treaty- 1850- US and Brits
Not to seek exclusive control of the canal or territory on either side of such a canal
Not to fortify any position in the canal area
Not to establish colonies in Central America
Treaty if Wanghia- 1844
1st diplomatic agreement between US and China
Opens trade and Immigration between the two countries.

11. Kansas Nebraska Act- 1854
Stephen Douglas- wants the transcendental railroad to run through Chicago
Needs the Kansas and Nebraska Territory organized
Proposes- Popular Sovereignty for Kansas and Nebraska territories
Appeals to the south
Goes against the Missouri Compromise.

13. Legacies of the Kansas- Nebraska Act
Makes possibility of future compromise unlikely
Destroys the 2 existing slavery Compromises
Missouri and Compromise of 1850
FSA not allowed in the North.
Kills National Parties
Emergence of the Republican Party
More People will Support Abolition
Death of Elijah Lovejoy-

14. Election of 1856 Buchanan vs Freemont Republicans: No more extension
Democrats – Popular Sov.
First election with Republicans Running
Freemont threatens the South with War

15. Bleeding Kansas Civil War starts in Kansas.
Pro slavery Boarder Ruffians set up Puppet Government in Shawnee Mission- 1855
Anti Slavery- New England Emigrants Aid Company
Sending abolitionist to Kansas with Beecher Bibles
Set up Illegal government in Topeka Not voted on.
Pottawatomie Creek- John Brown kills 5 pro slavery people

16. Lecompton Constitution
Drafted by pro slaveryites
No matter what slavery will exists
If slavery is outlawed, slave owners can stay (will still have slavery)
Free soilers boycott= becomes a slave state
Douglas wants Popular sovereignty ( was not achieved)
Buchanan wants south to be happy (supports it)
Constitution resubmitted and is entered as a free state.
**Splits Democratic Party**

18. Caning of Sumner

19. Dred Scott: #WOW #Slavepower
Rodger Taney rules:
Scott still a slave under Missouri Law
No slaves or descendants are citizens Cant sue in court
Constitution doesn’t apply to black people (inferior)
5th amendment protect property Emanate Domaine
Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
Congress cannot regulate slavery in territories regardless of popular sovereignty
7 democrats, 1 whigs, and 1 republican on the SC (vote went 7 for 2 against.

20. Panic of 1857
Caused by Grain over speculation, Gold flooding the market leading to inflation (too much)
Crimean War= need grain, we provide it (North and West)
*South not hurt by the Panic, North and West hurt bad. Cotton unaffected.
**South thinks they can survive economically**
Leads to 2 things:
Homestead Act of 1860: Land available for 25 cents an acre
Tariff of reduced to 20%

21. Harpers Ferry VA-1859

22. Election of 1860- Immediate cause of the war