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Mitosis and meiosis Cell Replication
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It’s all about the dna...
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Genetic storage Humans are a diploid (2n) species; 46 chromosomes
Humans gametes are haploid (n); 23 chromosomes
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Cell replication: 2 options
1) MITOSIS: division of a nucleus into two genetically identical nuclei (IPMAT) Somatic cells 2) MEIOSIS: division of nucleus that involves two divisions and one duplication of chromosomes; results in haploid (n) gametes with one chromosome from each homogolous pair Gametes (sex cells) CYTOKINESIS: division of a cells cytoplasm into two distinct cells
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mitosis 1. Interphase 2. Prophase 3. Metaphase 4. Anaphase 5. Telophase 6. Cytokinesis
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Meiosis 1. Interphase 2. Prophase 1 3. Metaphase 1 4. Anaphase 1 5. Telophase 1 6. Cytokinesis 1 7. Prophase 2 8. Metaphase 2 9. Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis 2
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The Cell Cycle (Mitosis)
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Interphase Growth and DNA replication
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Prophase Chromosomes condense Nuclear membrane begins to dissolve
Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres Centrioles move to opposite poles
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Metaphase Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate Nuclear membrane
completely dissolves
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Anaphase Centromeres divide and the resulting chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell Identical chromosomes at each pole
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Telophase Chromosomes lengthen again Spindle fibres dissolve
Nuclear membrane forms Cytokinesis: Cytoplasm begins to divide A furrow develops pinching of the cell into two parts Resulting in two separate daughter cells
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If that seems like a lot... X X
Ana and the pro wrestlers might be up your alley... X X
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Mitosis vs. meiosis cells-divide.html
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Interphase DNA has already duplicated Paternal and Maternal
Chromosomes
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Prophase 1 Chromosomes condense
Synapsis Chromosomes condense Homologous chromosomes come together (Tetrad) Crossing over occurs Spindle fibers attach to homologous pairs
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Crossing Over
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Metaphase 1 Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate
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Anaphase 1 Homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles
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Telophase Nucleus completes its division.
Results in two cells that are haploid (x2) Cytoplasm divides during cytokinesis
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Prophase 2 Centrioles move to opposite poles
Chromosomes become attached to spindle fibres
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Metaphase 2 Chromosomes line up at equatorial plate
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Anaphase 2 Sister Chromatids of each chromosome separate and move to opposite poles
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Telophase 2 Spindle fibres detach Cytoplasm separates (Cytokinesis)
Left with four haploid cells
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Gametogenesis
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