1. Welcome – Bell Ringer Routine
Think about what the following terms could mean…
Come in, get bell ringer form
Puritan
pilgrim
separatist
republicanism
legislative
Now write the words and YOUR PREDICTION in Monday’s section of the form.

2. Objective
We will describe how religion contributed to the growth of representative government in the American colonies using notes, a map, a web, and a song.

3. Colonization Beginnings and Journeys
Jamestown through New England

4. 1607 – Critical Year for England
Virginia Company establishes joint venture to establish a permanent settlement in North American
John Smith takes the lead

5. After the Jamestown settlement made money, the investors were supposed to get a profit from their money.

6. Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in America.

7. Where is Jamestown located?
In Virginia a Southern Colony

8. Add Jamestown to the map

9. Today, Jamestown is located on an island in the James River.
This is an aerial view of part of Jamestown fort.

10. The Houses of Parliament, where English laws were made
The King issued charters to the Virginia Company that extended English rights to the colonists.
The Houses of Parliament, where English laws were made
The Capitol at Williamsburg, where the House of Burgesses met to make Virginia’s laws

11. As Jamestown grew, the system of government evolved.

12. What was this system of government called?
REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT OR REPUBLICANISM!
Houses in Jamestown looked like English houses.

13. In 1619, the governor of Virginia called a meeting of the Virginia Assembly. The Assembly included two citizen representatives, called “burgesses.”

14. The burgesses came from each of the divisions of Virginia.

15. The Assembly also included the governor’s council and the governor.
John Smith was an early governor of Virginia.

16. At that time, only adult men were considered citizens.

17. The government of the Virginia colony was based on the English model of a representative government.
This is the church in Jamestown where the House of Burgesses first met.

18. The House of Burgesses was modeled after the English Parliament.

19. The House of Burgesses was the first elected legislative body in America, giving settlers the opportunity to control their own government.
This is an old engraving showing colonial Virginia men voting.

20. Today it is called the General Assembly and is the oldest legislative body in the western hemisphere.
An 1800s drawing of the General Assembly building in Richmond

21. The House of Burgesses became the Virginia General Assembly, which continues to this day.

22. Within 15 years…
Colonists had developed towns called “boroughs” along James River.
1617 Virginia Company encouraged settlement by establishing private ownership of property and selling parcels to individuals.
1619 The Virginia House of Burgesses met being the first legislature or body for REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT in America. (Later restricted in 1624 but…)
Colonists had created plantation systems that grew mainly tobacco but also rice and sugar using first white and black indentured servants…

23. Jamestown became a more diverse colony by 1620.

24. What was the impact of the arrival of Africans on the Jamestown settlement?
African Americans re-enact slaves listening to a slave preacher on a plantation.

25. Africans arrived in Jamestown against their will
Africans arrived in Jamestown against their will. It is believed that they arrived as baptized Christians and therefore were labeled indentured servants for a period of 5 to 7 years.

26. But Virginia planters soon saw that they would need a cheap supply of labor for a long time.
Tidewater plantations were expanding because people could make so much money from tobacco.

27. The arrival of Africans made it possible to expand the tobacco economy
The arrival of Africans made it possible to expand the tobacco economy. Africans were imported directly to make up the plantation work force.

28. Now, let’s turn our attention north…and back to England!

29. Tuesday – Copy official definitions
legislative: group who are elected to create laws
pilgrim: one of the colonists from England who sailed to America on the Mayflower
Puritan: a follower of John Winthrop who had strict religious beliefs in Massachusetts.
republicanism: the principal of representative government
separatist: someone who wanted to separate from the Church of England

30. Objective
We will describe how religion contributed to the growth of representative government in the American colonies using notes, a map, a web, and a song. 30

31. Plymouth Massachusetts Bay New England Region
The Next Colony
Plymouth
Massachusetts Bay
New England Region

32. Now add Plymouth and the Massachusetts Bay Colonies to the map
(Boston develops from here)
Plymouth

33. Plymouth, 1620 102 people embarked to Virginia on Sept. 6, 1620.
41 Separatists with 61 “Strangers” spent 66 days at sail being blown off course until they landed at present day Plymouth
Knew they were NOT in Virginia, and so they needed some kind of agreement or social contract to live together. Wrote and signed MAYFLOWER COMPACT before leaving the boat.
All became known as pilgrims

34. Mayflower Compact 1st form of democracy in America
Established principle of 1 man, 1 vote
Organized political system in Plymouth
Established town meeting system of government
Signed by separatists and strangers alike

35. Like Jamestown
Plymouth pilgrims nearly died from starvation – arriving too late in the year to plant crops
More than half die by March of 1621
Miracle – saved by kindness of Native Americans: Samoset introduces pilgrims to Squanto who helps them
Thanksgiving

36. Read the slide, listen to the song Complete the web

37. Some background State Church in England – King Henry VIII
King Henry VIII – Protestant Church
Church of England/Anglican Church
Bible published in English for first time (without being killed for it) – Geneva Bible, King James
Two main groups of Protestants who were unhappy with Anglican Church because it was too much like Catholic Church.

38. Protestant Protesters
Puritans – John Winthrop 1630
Separatists
Wanted to cleanse the Anglican Church from within – to “purify” it.
Criticized the English monarchy vocally accusing it of corruption and sin
Came to America to establish religious colony – a new theocracy ruled by principles of Bible
The Great Migration – Over 1,000 Puritans came from 1630 on
Established Salem, Cape Ann, and the Massachusetts Bay Colony (Boston)
Wanted to establish their own Protestant religion and practice within their own community
Came to America to be able to have religious freedom
Settled in Plymouth and wrote the Mayflower Compact

39. Puritans Led by John Winthrop
Wanted to build “City Upon a Hill” that would light the world with God’s laws and love
Very religious and strict
By late 1600s, New England was theocracy with Puritans in total charge of the community
Still had town meetings…voting rights based on membership in church, not property ownership
Kicked out people who disagreed with main proponents of church doctrine

40. John Winthrop A City on A Hill A Perfect, Shining Place 1630-1640
21,000 people to
Massachusetts.

41. John Winthrop If 21,000 are brought in 10 years And each ship carries
100 passengers, how
Many ships crossed
From England to
America to bring
the Puritans?

42. Great Migration ( )

43. Listen to the song Complete the reflection

44. Wednesday: Draw what the words would look like
Puritan
legislative

45. Puritans
While they are
Purifying church
Why not
purify themselves?

46. Puritans Calvin and Zwigli – Puritan preachers taught:
If God knows everything -- then, God knows who will go to heaven.
This group is called “the elect”.

47. Puritans How can we tell who is in “the elect”?
How can we keep people in “the elect”?
Rules and laws…….established in town meetings held at the Church (1 man, 1 vote)

48. Puritans
Signs according to Puritans that you were not in “the elect” and would never be able to go to heaven.

49. Puritans
Wearing bright clothes.
Playing cards or games of chance.

50. Puritans Falling asleep in church. See picture of deacon –
Saving the soul of
Member tempted.

51. Puritan rules
If you were caught breaking the rules – the only defense ---
The Devil possessed you and made you do it.

52. Puritan rules If Devil is in someone ----
How do you get the Devil to leave?

53. Puritan rules
How?
Make
the
body
uncomfortable

54. Puritan rules Pillory Person locked in for days. They believed as the
body became
uncomfortable the
devil would leave.

55. Stocks
Both
standing
and
seated.

56. Puritan Theocracy Government controlled by church Only church
members can vote
All Non-members
are banished.

57. Who is banished?
If you were found to be not in “the elect – you were banished.
If you taught something different from the church – you were banished.

58. Moved into Rhode Island and Connecticut forming NEW England Region
Roger Williams kicked out of Massachusetts and established free religious society in Rhode Island
Anne Hutchison also kicked out of Massachusetts; died in Indian attack in Rhode Island
Thomas Hooker established Connecticut and wrote “Fundamental Orders of Connecticut” - the 1st Constitution written in America based on individual rights – religion being main one.

59. Roger Williams Preached in Salem and Plymouth Got in trouble for
preaching that Indians
should be paid for
their land and treated
fairly.

60. Roger Williams Opens Rhode Island to people of other religions.
Makes laws to
protect Indians.

61. Anne Hutchinson
Began to teach
differently than the
preacher .

62. Anne Hutchinson
She is put
on trial.
She is
banished.

63. Anne Hutchinson Moves to Rhode Island. In 1643, she and 14 members of
her family are
killed in an Indian
Raid.

64. Salem, Massachusetts 1682 Over 200 people were accused of witchcraft
19 were hanged and 1 will be pressed to death
A new governor was appointed by the king and the Massachusetts charter will be revoked. All accused are released.

65. Salem Witch Trials 1692 End of Theocracy in America
Today, we believe in the separation of church and state
We believe in jury trials with evidence before someone can be executed.

66. New England Colonies
Very cold climate
Rocky soil – couldn’t grow crops
Subsistence farming
Rich forests – made lumber profitable
Lumber made shipbuilding profitable