1. Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your:
Cerebellum
Amygdala
Hypothalamus
Sympathetic Nervous System
Cerebral Cortex

2. 2. The most extensive regions of the cerebral cortex, which enable learning and memory, are the:
Reticular Formation
Medulla
Sensory Areas
Cerebellum
Association Areas
Association Areas: On Cerebral Cortex
Not Directly involved in Conscious Thought, Sensory Functions, or Motor Functions
Combine Elements from various regions of the cortex & rest of the brain
Enables Learning & Memory (Recognizing faces, Navigating your neighborhood, anticipating punishment)

3. A random error in gene replication is known as a:
Gender Schema
Genome
Mutation
Natural Selection
Heritability

4. Less physically attractive More sexually experienced Younger
Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that men will marry women who are _________than they are.
Less wealthy
Less physically attractive
More sexually experienced
Younger
Mating Preferences:
Men: (Spreading your seed Successfully)
Young (Peak Fertility)
Hips wider than waists
Infatuation wains after 3-5 years
Women: (Long-Term)
Much Pickier: 9 Mos of Pregnancy
Maturity, Dominance
Ability to support & protect offspring
Science of Sex Appeal

5. Genetics

6. Mechanics of it…
Chromosomes: Threadlike structures containing DNA 46 Total (23 pairs: 1 from each parent) Found in every Cell Nucleus Genes: Units of DNA that make up Chromosomes Control production of proteins 30,000 in your body Either Active (Expressed) or Inactive
96% genetic similarity to Chimps!
Chromsome map

7. Determined by 23rd Pair of Chromosomes Men: XY Women: XX
Sex Chromosomes
Determined by 23rd Pair of Chromosomes Men: XY Women: XX
Turner’s Syndrome (Single X): Physical abnormalities (Shortness, Webbed necks, etc.).
Klinefelter’s Syndrome (Extra X): Extreme Introversion & Sexual dysfunction.
Fragile X: Most common form of inherited mental Disability & Autism in boys.

8. We live in a patriarchal world…

9. Brain differences between boys and girls Boys brains are bathed in Testosterone in womb
Males
Females
Brains are 10% Larger
(More Gray Matter: Slower Processing)
Inferior-Parietal Lobe bigger in boys
(Numbers: Better at Math?)
Larger Parietal Cortex
(Stronger Spatial Capacity)
Brains are Smaller
(More dense white matter: Faster Processing)
2. Language Processing areas larger
(Learn to speak ≈ 1 Yr. before boys)
3. Thicker Corpus Callosum
(Language Processing on both sides)
4. Larger Frontal Lobes
(Better Decision making skills & Emotional Regulation)
5. Larger Limbic System
(Better at picking up Emotional Cues)
6. Produce Less Serotonin
(Much higher rates of depression)

10. Genotype – Inherited Instructions within genetic code
Genes and Inheritance
Genotype – Inherited Instructions within genetic code
Phenotype – An organism’s Actual characteristics
Genetic Predispositions can be activated/Kept turned off by the Environment!

11. Study of the relationship between nature/nurture
Behavior-Genetics
Twin Studies
Monozygotic (100%)
1 egg, 1 sperm
Vs.
Fraternal (50%)
2 eggs, 2 sperm
Nature
Nurture
Intelligence
Personality
Emotional Stability
Shyness
Happiness
Divorce (5.5x vs. 1.6x)
Disorders
Autism (96% vs. 24%)
Schizophrenia
Addiction
+.88 vs. +.69
Together
Apart
Nature
Nurture
Personality
Intelligence
Values
Political Beliefs
Religious Beliefs
Adoption Studies
Bio.=Nature
Adopt.=Nurture

12. Evolution
Evolution – The gradual process of biological change that occurs in a species as it adapts to its environment
Evolution has fundamentally shaped psychological processes because it favors genetic variations that produce adaptive behavior

13. Evolution and Natural Selection
Mutations – Genetic variations, which occur randomly, especially during the recombination of chromosomes in sexual reproduction
Natural selection – The driving force behind evolution, by which the environment “selects” the fittest organisms

14. How Natural Selection Works
Environmental pressure
(changes in the environment)
Competition
(for resources)
Selection of fittest phenotype
(from among a variety of phenotypes)
Reproductive success
(genotype corresponding to fittest
phenotypes passed to next generation)
Frequency of that genotype increases
(in next generation)

15. Evolutionary Psychology
We are predisposed to behave in ways that promoted our ancestors’ surviving & reproducing, but that might not help us now.
Humans are more likely to be afraid of spiders, snakes, & heights than guns & electricity
Finding the scent of relatives to be “unsexy”
Enjoying the taste of sweets and fats (used to allow us to overcome famine)

16. Football & The Brain
This is Your Brain on Football