1. PG. 50-53 EQ: What objects make up our vast Universe?
Topic: Our Universe. . . PG
EQ: What objects make up our vast Universe?

2. Norm Herr (sample file)
SOLAR SYSTEM
The Sun
Nine Planets
Satellites of the planets (moons)
Many Comets and asteroids
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SUN
Primarily 2 ELEMENTS:
75% hydrogen and 25% helium
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4. Our Solar System
Asteroid Belt

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PLANETS
A planet is a large, round heavenly body that orbits a star and shines with light reflected from the star.
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6. What are the nine planets?
HINT: My Very Educated Mother Just Sent Us Nine Pizzas
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
Norm Herr (sample file)

8. Norm Herr (sample file)
MERCURY
The smallest planet in the solar system and the one nearest to the sun.
Its orbit about the sun takes 88 days to complete, Mercury goes around the sun about four times while the earth is going around once.
NO moons!
Its lack of atmosphere causes extreme temperatures, freezing on one side and boiling on the other.
Norm Herr (sample file)

10. Norm Herr (sample file)
VENUS
Known as Earth’s “sister”
Hottest surface of any planet. Venus is the brightest planet in the solar system.
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EARTH
Age: At least 4 1/2 billion years
1 moon 
period of rotation: 24 hours
period of revolution 365 days
Only planet with water at its
surface.
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MARS
Mars is known as the Red Planet
Two known moons.
Very cold
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JUPITER
Largest planet in our Solar system!
It has 62 known moons!!!
Giant red dot is a never ending hurricane, more than twice the size of earth!
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SATURN
Saturn:
It has strong surface winds (500 m/sec).
Known for its spectacular rings.
Saturn’s Moons: 60 known moons
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20. Norm Herr (sample file)
URANUS
Blue-green due to methane gas in its atmosphere.
Surrounded by a group of thin, flat rings.
Only planet to rotate sideways.
I. Uranus (This data is from:
A. Discovery and Orbit
Uranus was discovered in 1781 by Herschel. This caused a sensation, because everyone had assumed they knew all the planets that there were. Its orbit is very slightly elliptical, its year is 84 Earth years long (because -- remember P2=a3 -- it's at an average distance "a" of A.U.). Its weirdest feature is that it's turned on its side: its axial tilt is 97deg to the plane of its orbit around the Sun (the ecliptic). Like the other planets, its own equator dominates the dynamics of its ring-and-moons system (not the plane of its orbit around the Sun), so the moons' orbits are really easy to measure right now, as the planet's south pole is pointing toward the inner solar system.
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NEPTUNE
Similar in size and color to Uranus.
The blue coloration of Neptune is probably due to the presence of methane
Note the apparent storms
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24. Norm Herr (sample file)
PLUTO
Contains a solid surface, more like the inner planets than the outer gas giants.
Pluto is very small as planets go, only Earth mass.
Pluto’s orbit is elliptical : it varies from 29 to 49 A.U. from the Sun, crossing inside of Neptune's orbit.
Pluto's orbit is inclined 17deg to the ecliptic, so it goes farther above and below the plane in which the other planets formed than any other planet.
3 known moons.
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Moons
Moons are natural satellites that revolve around a planet.
Mercury: 0 moons
Venus: 0 moons
Earth: 1 moons
Mars: 2 moons
Jupiter: 62 moons
Saturn: 60 moons
Uranus: 27 moons
Neptune: 13 moons
Pluto: 3 moons
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31. Galaxies
A galaxy is a collection of billions of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity.
3 types:
Spiral
Elliptical (football shape)
Irregular
Earth and our solar system is located in the Milky Way galaxy which is a spiral shaped galaxy.
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Comets
Comets are made up of a collection of ice, dust, and rock. They travel FAST around the sun.
Best known for the long tail that forms when ice melts as they pass near the sun.
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33. Asteroids
Rocky objects that revolve around the sun in circular orbits between Mars and Jupiter.
This area is often called the asteroid belt.
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34. Stars
Stars are classified based on their color(brightness) and temperature:
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35. Astronomical Unit (A.U.)
Astronomical Units measure the distance between planets.
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Light Year
Light years are used to measure the distance between stars.
If a star is 20 light years away, then the light you see in the sky left that star 20 years ago.
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SUMMARY …
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