1. Determiners By: - Mr. Nityanandesh Narayan Tripathi (PGT English)
JNV, Baghmara, SG Hills, Meghalaya

2. Determiners (Definition) : -
The words that are used to limit, determine or qualify the meaning of a Noun or Pronoun are known as Determiners.

3. Determiners (Types) : -

4. Articles (Definition) : -
These are the words that tell whether the Noun is General (indefinite) or Particular (definite).

5. Articles (Types) : -

6. Definite Article (Definition) : -
THE : -
This article tells about the particularity of a Noun or Pronoun.

7. Definite Article (Explanation) : -
THE : -
Suppose some students are playing in the ground and the teacher needs to call a specific boy from them then he will use the sentence –
“Call the boy in yellow shirt from play ground.”
Simultaneously he will indicate towards him.
Teacher is calling this boy

8. Indefinite Article (Definition) : -
A / An : -
This article tells about the generality of a Noun or Pronoun.

9. Indefinite Article (Explanation) : -
A / An : -
Suppose some students are playing in the ground and the teacher needs to call any boy from them then he will use the sentence –
“Call a boy in yellow shirt form play ground.”
He need not indicate towards any specific boy. Hence any boy can be called from the boys playing in yellow shirt.
Any boy can be called.

10. Articles (Pronunciation) : -
In sentence
In isolation
In sentence
With Consonants
In isolation
With Vowels

11. Articles (Uses) : -

12. Articles (The - Detailed Uses) : -
Before the unique objects or things.
(i) the Tajmahal (ii) the Himalaya (iii) The Bible (iv) The Ganges
Before a thing mentioned second time.
(i) the pen that I gave to you. (ii) I gave a book to you. Where is the book?
Before superlatives.
(i) the best boy. (ii) the tallest building (iii) Last student
Before ordinals.
(i) the First student (ii) the second Position
Before ‘noun + of + noun’ combination.
(i) The Bay of Bengal (ii) The United States of America
Before Plural surname.
(i) The Sharmas (ii) The Smiths
Before Adjectives representing the whole class.
(i) The Old = All Old People (ii) The Intelligent = All Intelligent

13. Articles (The - Example) : -
The Gunga is a sacred river.
You must know that I am the most intelligent girl of school
Can you find the United States of America in this Map?
The Sharmas are dancing in this party.

14. Articles (A / An - Detailed Uses) : -
A - before the words starting with consonant sound.
An - before the words starting with Vowel sound.
A / An is used to show the singularity of Noun or Pronoun.
A / An is used to show the uncertainty about some noun or pronoun.
A / An is used to represent the whole class of something.

15. Articles (A / An - Example) : -
A Ship is sailing in sea.
(A single ship is sailing.)
A Child needs love.
(All children or any child needs love.)
A Mr. Sharma is teaching English.
(Here the name or identity of Mr. Sharma is not known)

16. Possessive Pronoun (Definition) : -
Pronoun used to show the possession of something by someone only, not by any one else, is known as Possessive Pronoun.

17. Possessive Pronoun (Types) : -
Pronoun used at the place of Subject
Pronoun used at the Place of Object

18. Possessive Pronoun (Classification) : -
Subjective
Objective
Singular
Plural
1st Person My
Our
Mine
Ours
2nd Person
Your
Yours
3rd Person
His, Her, Its
Their
Him, Her, It
Theirs

19. Possessive Pronoun (Example) : -
This is my cat. (This cat belongs to me only.)
This gun is mine. (This gun belongs to me only.)
That is your car. (That car belongs to you only.)

20. Adjectives (Definition) : -
These are the words that are used to modify the meaning of a noun or pronoun. They do it by telling the quality, quantity, etc. of a noun or pronoun.

21. Adjectives (Types) : - Tri Colour Flag Two Girls Many Butterflies
This Dog
All People
Whose Scooter

22. Adjectives (Examples) : -
Qualitative
Good, Bad, Ugly, Beautiful, etc.
Quantitative
Some, More, Much, Less, Many
Distributive
Each, Every, All, Neither, Either
Numeral
Cardinal – One, Two, Three, etc.
Ordinal – First, Second, etc.
Demonstrative
This, These, Those, That, Such
Interrogative
What, Which, whose, etc.

23. How to Identify Determiners : -
To identify a determiner following methods can be applied: -
Learn all the elements of determiners. or
Generally all the words, except verbs and connectors, coming before Noun or Pronoun are determiners.

24. Thank You
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