1. Figurative Language/ Literary Devices
“Figuring it Out”

2. Figurative and Literal Language
Literally: words function exactly as defined
The car is blue.
He caught the football.
Figuratively: figure out what it means
I’ve got your back.
You’re a doll.
^Figures of Speech

3. Comparison of two things using “like” or “as.”
Simile
Comparison of two things using “like” or “as.”
Examples
The metal twisted like a ribbon.
She is as sweet as candy.

4. A comparison must be made.
Important!
Using “like” or “as” doesn’t make a simile.
A comparison must be made.
Not a Simile: I like pizza.
Simile: The moon is like a pizza.

5. Metaphor Two things are compared without using “like” or “as.”
Examples
All the world is a stage.
Men are dogs.
Her heart is stone.

6. Personification Giving human traits to objects or ideas. Examples
The sunlight danced.
Water on the lake shivers.
The streets are calling me.

7. Oxymoron
When two words are put together that contradict each other. “Opposites”
Jumbo Shrimp
Pretty Ugly
Freezer Burn

8. Euphemism
A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one that is considered to be too harsh, blunt, embarrassing, or unpleasant.
For example:
Dead --- passed away, passed, deceased, expired, resting in peace
Fired ---
Poor ---
Fat ---

10. Onomatopoeia
A word that “makes” a sound
SPLAT
PING
SLAM
POP
POW

11. Alliteration- the repetition of initial identical consonant sounds.
Example: There lies a leafy island.
In this line, the “l” sound is alliterated. Notice alliteration is a sound device so you should be able to hear it.

12. Assonance A repeating vowel sound. For example:
"I feel the need, the need for speed." (e)- Tom Cruise and Anthony Edwards, "Top Gun"
"Every time I write a rhyme, these people think it's a crime" (i)- Eminem, "Criminal"
"It beats as it sweeps as it cleans!" (e)- "Hoover vacuum cleaners", 1950s advertisement
"As I was going to St. Ives, I met a man with seven wives..." (i)- Nursery rhyme, "As I was going to St Ive"

13. Imagery
Creating a picture in the reader’s mind using words

14. Pun A form of “word play” in which words have a double meaning.
I wondered why the baseball was getting bigger and then it hit me.
I’m reading a book about anti-gravity. It’s impossible to put it down.
I was going to look for my missing watch, but I didn’t have the time.

15. Exaggerating to show strong feeling or effect.
Hyperbole
Exaggerating to show strong feeling or effect.
Examples
I will love you forever.
My house is a million miles away.
She’d kill me.

16. Allusion-
An allusion is a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art.
Writers make allusions to famous works such as the Bible and Shakespeare's plays.
Example: "Christy didn't like to spend money. She was no Scrooge, but she seldom purchased anything except the bare necessities".

17. Foreshadowing
Reference to something that will happen later in the story.

18. Irony The opposite of what you expect to happen, happens.
Example: a 90-year-old woman tweeting
Non-example: rain on your wedding day

19. Idiom Not to be confused with idiot.
A phrase that doesn’t mean what it literally says
Examples: pushing up daisies, full of hot air, in a pickle, sweating bullets

20. Quiz I will put an example of figurative language on the board.
You will write whether it is an simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, pun, onomatopoeia, or oxymoron.
You can use your notes.

21. He drew a line as straight as an arrow.1
He drew a line as straight as an arrow.

22. 2
Knowledge is a kingdom and all who learn are kings and queens.

23. The sun was beating down on me.3
The sun was beating down on me.

24. 4
A flag wags like a fishhook there in the sky.

25. 5
I'd rather take baths with a man-eating shark, or wrestle a lion alone in the dark, eat spinach and liver, pet ten porcupines, than tackle the homework, my teacher assigns.

26. 6
Ravenous and savage from its long polar journey, the North Wind is searching for food—

27. 7.
The clouds smiled down at me.

28. 8.
SPLAT!

29. 9.
She is as sweet as candy

30. 10.
I could sleep forever!

31. 11.
He drove his expensive car into a tree and found out how the Mercedes bends

32. 12.
I used to have a fear of hurdles, but I got over it

33. 13.
The wheat field was a sea of gold.

34. 14.
The streets called to him.

35. 15.
POP!

36. 16.
Old news

37. 17.
Your face is killing me!

38. 18.
She was as white as a ghost.