1. Development and Structure of Education
Bureaucracy
Education is based on rules, specialization, procedures, and impersonality
Formal Schooling
Provided and regulated by society
Standardized Schools
Good or bad?
Open Classroom
Non-bureaucratic approach to education based on democracy, flexibility, and non-competiveness

2. Democratic Reformation in the Classroom
Cooperative Learning
Instructional method that relies on cooperation among students
Integrative Curriculum
Teacher and students collaborate on the educational process and what is taught in school

3. Alternatives to Public School Systems
Vouchers
Public school funds may be used for public, private, or religious schools
Charter Schools
Public schools operated like private schools by public school teachers and administrators
Magnet Schools
Public schools that focus on a particular area such as science
For Profit Schools
Schools run by private companies on government funds

4. Functionalist Perspective
Manifest Function
Recognized and intended result, such as academics, but also transmitting culture, creating a common identity, and promote personal growth and development.
Latent Function
An action that produces an unintended and unrecognized result
What are examples of this in school and in education?
Tracking
Separating students into groups by academic ability for all subjects or certain classes. Students attend classes with students whose overall academic achievement is the same as their own.

5. Conflict Perspective Meritocracy Educational Equality
A society in which social status is based on ability and achievement
It is based on competition
Is America a meritocracy?
Educational Equality
Condition in which schooling produces the same results for lower class and minority children as it does for other children.

6. Symbolic Interactionism
Explores the socialization that occurs in schools.
Hidden Curriculum
Nonacademic agenda that teaches discipline, order, conformity, and cooperativeness.
Values, norms, beliefs, and attitudes
Necessary to survive and/or succeed in society.