1. Major Battles of the Civil War

2. First Bull Run – July 1861 Manassas, VA
Union expected a quick victory – led by General Irvin McDowell
Confederate General Thomas Jackson rallied his troops to stand firm against Union troops – earned nickname Stonewall Jackson
Confederates held their ground & Union troops retreated back to Washington, D.C.
Lincoln replaced McDowell w/ George McClellan

3. Battle of the Ironclads March 1862
Ironclad – warship covered w/ protective iron plates
Battle off coast of VA
Monitor – Union Ironclad
Merrimack – Confederate Ironclad
Battle was a draw

4. Battle of Shiloh - April 1862
Shiloh, TN
Union troops led by Ulysses S. Grant
Confederate troops led by General Albert Sidney Johnston
Confederates - surprise attack on Grant’s troops
Union forced Confederates to withdraw from the railroad center
Union gained control of western Tennessee & part of Mississippi River

5. Lincoln Fires Another General
George McClellan was too cautious and slow to attack
Lincoln replaced him with John Pope

6. Second Bull Run - August 1862
Somewhat of a repeat of First Bull Run
Union General Pope attacked
Confederate General Robert E. Lee split his army and attacked from behind
Union retreated
Lincoln replaced General Pope with George McClellan

7. Battle of Antietam Sharpsburg, Maryland Bloodiest DAY of the Civil War
Union - 12,000 casualties
Confederates - 14, 000 casualties
McClellan’s troops attacked large part of Lee’s army
Lee pulled men back
McClellan did not continue to attack
North claimed victory because Lee retreated
Lincoln fired McClellan AGAIN
Replaced him with Ambrose Burnside
Don’t be
hatin’ on my
sideburns!

8. Battle of Fredericksburg - Dec. 1862
Fredericksburg, VA
Union led by Burnside
Confederates led by Lee
Confederate victory

9. Emancipation Proclamation – January 1, 1863
Freed the slaves ONLY in areas fighting against the Union, not in the border states
Ignored by the South
Ended any chance of Confederate surrender

10. Battle of Vicksburg Vicksburg, Mississippi
Siege - surround an area & don’t let anything in or out
Union cut off Confederate supplies
After 6 weeks, Confederate surrendered Vicksburg
Anaconda Plan worked in Vicksburg

11. Battle of Chancellorsville - May 1863
Lincoln replaced Burnside w/ General Joe Hooker
Lee split his army in two again
Stonewall Jackson - Lee’s right hand man - was accidentally shot by his own men - he lost his arm and died a week later
Confederate victory

12. Battle of Gettysburg - July 1863
1st day Confederates took early advantage
Union received reinforcements & two days later won battle
50,000 casualties - bloodiest battle
Lincoln puts General Ulysses S. Grant in charge of Union army

13. Gettysburg Address - Nov. 1863
People gathered to honor fallen soldiers at Gettysburg
Lincoln gave speech to inspire the Union to win the war

14. Sherman’s March to the Sea Sept. 1864-Feb. 1865
Union General William Tecumseh Sherman marched 60,000 troops from Tennessee/Georgia border to Savannah, Georgia destroying whatever was in their path
Burned Atlanta & Savannah
Then marched north toward the Carolinas

15. Battle of Petersburg Summer of 1864-Spring 1865
Lee & Confederates tried to break Union siege at Petersburg, but failed & retreated towards NC
Grant burned and took Richmond – April 3, 1865
Lee & troops trapped in town of Appomattox Court House

16. Appomattox Courthouse
Lee surrendered to Grant on April9, 1865
Confederates had to give up weapons

17. Lincoln’s Assassination
April 14, 1865
Confederate sympathizer, John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln in the head at Ford’s theater
Believed to be part of a conspiracy to kill several key Union leaders
Booth trapped and shot 2 weeks later