1. NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Binary compounds
Física y química 3º E.S.O.
SECOND TERM
UNIT 2 (SECOND PART):
NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY. Binary compounds
FUNDAMENTALS

3. Elements that attract more to the electrons are placed to the right
HCl

4. 1.- CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE
To name the binary compounds and the hydroxides, the IUPAC uses the stoichiometric or compositional nomenclature. This nomenclature only takes into account the elements that make up a substance and the proportion in which they are found, but says nothing about their internal structure.

5. 1.- CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE
To name the binary compounds and the hydroxides, the IUPAC uses the stoichiometric or compositional nomenclature. This nomenclature only takes into account the elements that make up a substance and the proportion in which they are found, but says nothing about their internal structure.

7. 1.- CHEMICAL NOMENCLATURE

8. There are three forms of stoichiometric nomenclature
Using the
charge number
(Ewens-Basset system)
Using
multiplicative
prefixes:
Using the
oxidation number
(Stock system)

9. 2.- VALANCE AND OXIDATION NUMBERS
Valance number:
It is a number that represents the combination capacity of a chemical element with others.
Hydrogen is used as a reference

10. 2.- VALANCE AND OXIDATION NUMBERS
Valance number: It is a number that represents the combination capacity of a chemical element with others.
Hydrogen is used as a reference
Valance of Li: 1
Valance of S: 2
Valance of N: 3
Valance of Na: 1
Valance of Ca: 2
Valance of C: 4
Valance of Cl: 1

11. OXIDATION NUMBERS
The oxidation number is the electrical charge that the atom in a compound would have if the compound was an ionic substance.
Oxidation numbers are used to keep track of how many electrons are lost or gained by each atom.

12. OXIDATION NUMBERS
The atom that gains electrons is placed to the right and has a negative oxidation number.
The atom that looses electrons is placed to the left and has a negative oxidation number.

14. 2.- VALANCE AND OXIDATION NUMBERS

15. 2.- VALANCE AND OXIDATION NUMBERS

24. 3.- ELEMENTS and SIMPLE SUBSTANCES
Systematic names are based on the number of atoms in the molecule, indicated by a multiplicative prefix from the table below. The prefix ‘mono’ is only used when the element does not normally occur in a monoatomic state.
Prefix
mono-
di-
tri-
tetra-
penta-
hexa-
hepta-
octa-
nona-
deca-
Meaning
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
S8 and P4 molecules
Octasulfur and tetraphosphorus

25. 3.- ELEMENTS and SIMPLE SUBSTANCES
Systematic names are based on the number of atoms in the molecule, indicated by a multiplicative prefix from the table below. The prefix ‘mono’ is only used when the element does not normally occur in a monoatomic state.
Formula Systematic name Acceptable alternative name
Ar argon
H monohydrogen
N mononitrogen
N 2 dinitrogen
N 3 trinitrogen
O dioxygen oxygen
O trioxygen ozone
P tetraphosphorus white phosphorus
S hexasulfur
S octasulfur
Prefix
mono-
di-
tri-
tetra-
penta-
hexa-
hepta-
octa-
nona-
deca-
Meaning
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten

26. Prefijos multiplicadores
3.- ELEMENTOS Y SUSTANCIAS SIMPLES
Los nombres sistemáticos se basan en el número de átomos en la molécula, indicado por un prefijo multiplicativo de la tabla que sigue. El prefijo 'mono' solo se usa cuando el elemento normalmente no se produce en un estado monoatómico.
Elemento
Tradicional
Prefijos multiplicadores H
hidrógeno atómico
monohidrógeno H2
hidrógeno molecular
dihidrógeno N2
nitrógeno
dinitrógeno O2
oxígeno
dioxígeno F2
flúor
difluor
Cl2
cloro
dicloro
Br2
bromo
dibromo I2
yodo
diyodo O3
ozono
trioxígeno
Prefijo
mono-
di-
tri-
tetra-
penta-
hexa-
hepta-
octa-
nona-
deca-
Significado 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10