1. Do, or do not do. There is no ‘try’.
11/22/2018
Title: Biology 12/4/06
Objectives:
To review for the chapter 5 Test
Class Topics
DO NOT Hand in W.S. Chapter 5 Science Skills before the bell rings
Review Energy Flow
Test Review
Begin Chapter 6
Do, or do not do. There is no ‘try’.
Yoda
Thursday, November 22, :12 PM

2. Science Skills W.S. Energy from the sun 1st level 2nd level 3rd level
11/22/2018
Science Skills W.S.
Energy from the sun
1% converted in photosynthesis
10% available to next level
1st level
2nd level
3rd level
4th level
5th level

3. Science Skills W.S. Which are better to eat (for energy)?
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Science Skills W.S.
Which are better to eat (for energy)?
Plants or meat
Which are better for our planet?
Three hundred trout are needed to support one man for a year.  The trout, in turn, must consume 90,000 frogs, that must consume 27 million grasshoppers that live off of 1,000 tons of grass.  -- G. Tyler Miller, Jr., American Chemist (1971)

4. 11/22/2018
Ecology
The study of the interactions between organisms with one another and their physical environment
Habitat
Where a particular population of organisms live
Community
The many interacting species in a habitat

5. Energy flow in Ecosystems
11/22/2018
Energy flow in Ecosystems
Producers
Photosynthesis
Consumers
All others
Trophic levels
Assigning organisms levels
Fig. 6 p.345

6. Class Assignments W.S. Chapter 5 Science Skills 12/4/06
11/22/2018
Class Assignments
What
By When
W.S. Chapter 5 Science Skills 12/4/06
Chapter 5 Test 12/6/06
Due this class period
Due next class period
Due in the future

7. Grade Sheet 1A – SR p. 61 - 5 pts Measurement W.S. – 10 pts
11/22/2018
Grade Sheet
1A – SR p pts
Measurement W.S. – 10 pts
3A SR p. 42 – 6 pts
4A – SR p. 47 – 5 pts
2A – Measurement W.S. – 10 pts
SR p. 80 – 5 pts

8. 11/22/2018
2 CO2
2 Pyruvate
2 NADH

9. 11/22/2018
ATP synthesis
Occurs along the membranes in both the chloroplast and mitochondria
The electron transport chain creates a concentration gradient between e- and H+
Water is final product

10. Animations Wisconsin Online animation Smith College
11/22/2018
Animations
Wisconsin Online animation
Smith College
Virtual Cell Animation

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12. Test Review Heterotrophic vs autotrophic organisms
11/22/2018
Test Review
Heterotrophic vs autotrophic organisms
Source of all energy
ATP structure
Location of energy
Use of energy
Heat released too!!!

13. Test Review Photosynthesis Pigments Electrons Oxygen ATP and NADPH
11/22/2018
Test Review
Photosynthesis
Pigments
Colors absorbed and reflected
Types of pigments
Electrons
From?
Where do they go?
How are they replaced?
Oxygen
Where does it come from?
Where does it go?
ATP and NADPH
Calvin cycle

14. Test Review Cellular respiration Glycolysis Fermentation 2 ATP formed
11/22/2018
Test Review
Cellular respiration
Glycolysis
2 ATP formed
2 NADH formed
Glucose split
2 pyruvate formed
Fermentation
Absence of oxygen
Alcoholic
Lactic acid

15. Test Review Aerobic respiration Krebs cycle Presence of oxygen
11/22/2018
Test Review
Aerobic respiration
Presence of oxygen
Krebs cycle
Know the handout (like Calvin cycle)

16. Prokaryotic Cell Reproduction
11/22/2018
Prokaryotic Cell Reproduction
Binary fission
Produces identical offspring
Steps
1. DNA is copied
2. Cell is divided
From:

17. Terminology Somatic Cell Gamete (Germ cell or sex cell) Gene
11/22/2018
Terminology
Somatic Cell
Any cell in the body that isn’t a gamete
Gamete (Germ cell or sex cell)
Sperm or ovum
Gene
Segment of DNA used as instructions to code for a trait
1000s per chromosome

18. Chromosomes Made from DNA Formed from chromatin
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Chromosomes
Made from DNA
Genetic material that directs activities and determines characteristics
Formed from chromatin
Right before mitosis
Chromatin coils up into rods

19. Eukaryotic Cell Reproduction (Mitosis)
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Eukaryotic Cell Reproduction (Mitosis)
Each chromosome (at this point) is made up of 2 identical chromatids
Joined strands of identical duplicated genetic material
Joined at centromere
Chromatids separate and each cell has identical information
Formed in S phase of cell cycle
Chromosome Number in Various Organisms
& Chromosome Structure
From:
notebook/courses/guide/chromo.htm

20. From: http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/nucleosome.html
11/22/2018
From:

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Sets of chromosomes
Each human somatic cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total)
Homologous chromosomes
Each pair is called homologous
Similar in size, shape and genetic content
Not identical!
One from each parent

23. Sets of chromosomes Somatic cells Gametes Fertilization Diploid (2n)
11/22/2018
Sets of chromosomes
Somatic cells
Diploid (2n)
2 sets of chromosomes (46 total)
Homologous pairs
Gametes
Haploid (n)
1 set of chromosomes (23 total)
Sperm and egg
If an organism has haploid number ___ of chromosomes, how many are in a diploid cell?
Fertilization
Two haploid gametes join to form a zygote (2n)
Fertilized egg

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25. Numbers of chromosomes
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Numbers of chromosomes
Karyotype
Table 1 (p. 121)

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