2. Chapter 14
STRESS & EMOTION

3. DEFINITION The pressures people feel in life.
A dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, a demand, or a resource related to what the individual desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important.

4. A MODEL OF STRESS

5. STRESS MODEL Causes (Sources) of Stress: Consequences of Stress:
Environmental factors
Organizational factors
Individual factors
Consequences of Stress:
Physiological symptoms
Psychological symptoms
Behavioural symptoms

6. STRESS MODEL (cont.) Individual Differences: Perception Job experience
Personality:
Type A
Type B

7. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND JOB PERFORMANCE

8. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND JOB PERFORMANCE (cont.)
Low levels of stress - low performance
Due to the boredom in performing the tasks as they are not demanding and challenging.
High level of stress - low performance
Too much stress places unattainable demands on a person.
Moderate levels of stress - high performance
Resources and energy within an employee are adequate enough to perform the tasks.

9. MANAGING STRESS
Individual Approaches
Organizational Approaches

10. MANAGING STRESS: INDIVIDUAL APPROACHES
Implement time management technique
Increase physical exercise
Relaxation training
Expanding social network

11. MANAGING STRESS: ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACHES
Personnel selection and job placement
Training
Realistic goal setting
Redesign jobs and increase employee involvement
Improve communication
Employee sabbaticals
Corporate wellness program

12. EMOTIONS AND MOODS Emotions Moods
Intense feelings that are directed at someone or something which has an object that triggers them.
Moods
Feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and often lack a contextual stimulus.

13. SOURCES OF EMOTIONS AND MOODS
Personality
Weather
Stress
Social activities
Sleep
Exercise
Age
Gender

14. EMOTIONAL LABOUR
An employee’s expression of organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work.
Is governed by two types of display rules:
Feeling rules
Expression rules

15. EMOTIONAL DISSONANCE
Occurs when employees are expected to express feelings that contradict with what they actually feel.