1. 24 May 2011 Mr. Al Shaffer Principal Deputy ASD(R&E)
Hypersonics
24 May 2011
Mr. Al Shaffer
Principal Deputy ASD(R&E)
Unclassified

2. Connecting Researchers to the Warfighter
Unclassified
President Obama, State of the Union, January 25, 2011
“The first step in winning the future is encouraging American innovation. Our free enterprise system is what drives innovation. But because it’s not always profitable for companies to invest in basic research, throughout our history, our government has provided cutting-edge scientists and inventors with the support they need.
Two years ago, I said that we needed to reach a level of research and development , we haven’t seen since the Space Race. And in a few weeks I’ll be sending a budget to Congress that helps us meet that goal. We’ll invest in biomedical research, information technology, and especially clean energy technology -- an investment that will strengthen our security, protect our planet, and create countless new jobs for our people.
Maintaining our leadership in research and technology is crucial to America’s success. But if we want to win the future - - if we want innovation to produce jobs in America and not overseas – then we also have to win the race to educate our kids.
Over the next 10 years, with so many baby boomers retiring from our classrooms, we want to prepare 100,000 new teachers in the fields of science and technology and engineering and math.”
Investment in Basic and Applied Research is a commitment to the future warfighter

3. Thoughts from the Secretary of Defense
Unclassified
“These budget decisions took place in the context of a nearly two year effort by the DoD to reform the way the Pentagon does business – to change how and what we buy…We have protected programs that support military people, readiness, and modernization…We still live in a very dangerous and often unstable world. Our military must remain strong and agile enough to face a diverse range of threats – from non-state actors attempting to acquire and use weapons of mass destruction and sophisticated missiles, to the more traditional threats of other states… ”
Secretary Gates, Budget Rollout Hearing 14 Feb 2011
“Directed DoD to fund 2% real growth in Basic Research and to maintain stable funding in the rest of S&T for FY12-FY16. In real terms, the FY12 S&T budget request is almost 29% greater than the request in FY 2000.” OSD/PA News Release, 2/14/11

4. Key Themes Taking Care of People Rebalancing the Military
From Under Secretary Robert Hale 1 Feb 2010 Budget Rollout Brief and Secretary Gates 2010 Budget Rollout Brief
Taking Care of People
Rebalancing the Military
Reforming What and How We Buy
Supporting our Troops in the Field
MRAP Dash
MRAP MaxxPro Plus
Hardwire Armor Coverage
Hardwire Armor Coverage
Unclassified

5. Assistant Secretary of Defense Research and Engineering Imperatives
Accelerate delivery of technical capabilities to win the current fight.
Prepare for an uncertain future.
Reduce the cost, acquisition time and risk of our major defense acquisition programs.
Develop world class science, technology, engineering, and mathematics capabilities for the DoD and the Nation.
QDR Missions’ Architectures
Fast Track Studies
-Electronic Warfare
-Computer Science
-Cyber Operations
-Energy & Water
-Rapid Capability Tool Kit
Task Forces
Helo
Survivability
Base Protection
Tag, Track, Locate
C-IED SIG Support
Helicopter Alert & Threat Termination-Acoustic
(HALTT-A )
Threat sensors mounted to fuselage exterior
MRAP-ATV
Stiletto
PGSS
Unclassified

6. Anti-Access/Area Denial (AA/AD)
US has held a distinct capability advantage using advanced technology system for 20 years
LO Platforms
Precision Weapons
Air Control of Assets
Undersea Systems
Space Systems
Some of these advantages are in challenge now, presenting a greater anti-access/area denial challenge
One class of solutions lies in high-speed/hypersonic weapons
High Speed Systems provide a new category of advanced weapons to overcome conventional AP/AD
Unclassified

7. National Aerospace Initiative
Dr Ron Sega Brief to Congress--2004 25
Hydrogen Scramjet
Mach 8-15
Production 15
X-Vehicles
Hydrocarbon Scramjet
Mach 4-7
Space Access
NAI
Ramjet
Mach 3-4
Mach Number 10
Strike Aircraft
X-15
High Speed Turbine
Mach 2-4 5
SR-71
XB-70
Missiles
Although our nation demonstrated higher speed flight capability in the late 50’s and early 60’s, we have pursued a subsonic, lower speed development path in most of our systems. There are probably many reasons for this, among them stealth capabilities in the 1980’s.
However, as foreign economic competition and foreign pursuit of high speed technologies increase, years from now may require our forces to have higher speed capabilities to be survivable and defendable.
The NAI hypersonics goals are to demonstrate a Mach number /Year capability through This strategy would result in a major demonstration about every 2 years. High speed turbines and ram/scramjet missile demonstrations would be pursued first, followed by a Mach 7 reusable air platform demonstration. Finally, higher Mach number demonstrations of interceptor technologies would be completed.
Concorde
F-4
F-16
F-117
B-2
F-22
F-15
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
NAI
Hypersonic Component Technology Development and
Ground Demonstrations
Hypersonic System Technology Development and
Flight Demonstrations
Unclassified

8. Value of Speed -- Time Critical Targets --
Dr Ron Sega Brief to Congress--2004
Fast strike weapon velocity and range capabilities
Deterrent: single launch platform holds rogue states’ targets at risk
Platform Survivability: short fly-out time from a safe standoff range
Typical Subsonic
Weapon 7 min
Footprint
500 nmi .
50 nmi
Hypersonic Weapon
Launch Point
Hypersonic Cruise Missile
Kills Time-Critical Targets
Survivable Without Stealth
Logistically Supportable
Avoids Tactical Ballistic Missile Launches
Increased Operational Effectiveness
With Smaller Mission Package
Hard and Deeply Buried Targets
IRAQ
IRAN
KUWAIT
SYRIA
TURKEY
Persian
Gulf
Caspian
Sea
QATAR
500 nmi
Radius
50 nmi
Subsonic
Weapon
7 minute
Coverage
Advantageous
in Sustainment q
Hypersonic
Weapon
Launch
Point
Unclassified

9. High Speed / Hypersonics Options
-- Engine Combinations / Capability Off-Ramps --
Dr Ron Sega Brief to Congress--2004
Combined Cycle Engines (Accelerator)
Hydrogen Powered Scramjets
Combined Cycle Engines (Cruise)
Hydrocarbon / Hydrogen
Powered Scramjets
Access to Space
Responsive/Flexible
Mach 8-12
Hydrocarbon
Ram / Scramjets
Rapid Strike / Recce Aircraft
Rapid Global Response
Mach 5-10
Turbine
Engines
Hypersonic Interceptor
Long-Range/100,000 ft Cruise
Mach 10+
Vision:
Provide Revolutionary Hypersonic Capabilities in the Areas of Fast Strike/Intercept Weapons; Global Strike Aircraft; and Safe, Responsive, Affordable Access to Space.
The ultimate goal is a two-stage to orbit, access to space capability with a first stage air-breathing concept to allow for responsive and flexible access to space. Along the way, materials, airframe and propulsion technologies can be demonstrated on expendable flight demonstrators that produce off-ramp supersonic and hypersonic missile capabilities. In the mid-term, hypersonic missile propulsion concepts such as scramjets can be combined with either rocket or turbine-based combined cycle concepts to allow for a long-range strike/recce hypersonic platform capability.
Fast Response Standoff Weapon
Rapid Response
Time-Critical Targets
Mach 5-8
Aircraft & Missiles
Today
Mach 0-3
Near-Term
Mid-Term
Far-Term
2002
2008
2016
2025
Unclassified

10. Hypersonics Research … A Study in Mixed Results
Successes
X-15
Space Shuttle
X-43A
Did not meet goals
Aerospaceplane
NASP
X-33
Photos courtesy NASA, Richard Hallion
Unclassified

11. What is the Problem? Hypersonics Research—One Size Does not Fit All
Hypersonic Cruise Missile not the Same as Two-Stage to Orbit
Help the DoD Walk Before Running
Use Early Case Demonstrations to Build the Tech Base
Unclassified

12. Diagnosis What’s worked… reasonable scope and risk
Space shuttle re-entry as a hypersonic glide vehicle (unpowered), limited maneuvering at high Mach numbers
X-15 rocket powered, moderate hypersonic Mach numbers (Mach 4-6+)
X-43A focus on 2D scramjet propulsion
What hasn’t… bridges too far
Large scale, single-stage to orbit launch vehicles and space planes
Very large propulsion systems (especially air breathing) with limited experience
Key challenge… scramjet propulsion
Limited flight test data (X-43A total of 17 seconds with hydrogen fuel)
Hydrocarbon fuels
Scale up? Combined cycles?
Air vehicle challenges – longer flight times in severe environment
Unclassified

13. Success!!! X-51A First Flight
(All results preliminary)
Release at 49.5k ft, Mach 0.78 (nominal)
Boost to Mach 4.8 (nominal)
Booster separation (nominal)
Engine ignition at Mach 4.7 (nominal)
Light on ethylene and transition to JP-7
Climb and acceleration to Mach ~4.9
Engine performance nominal
Lost telemetry at 210 seconds, vehicle still accelerating
Flight terminated as planned 5 seconds after loss of telemetry
Unclassified

14. Prognosis Coming years critical for hypersonics technology development
Major flight tests recently completed: X-51A, HTV-2, HyFly
Transition opportunities?
Upcoming flight tests: X-51A, HTV-2
Build on recent success
End of efforts started under National Aerospace Initiative
Transition into regular research portfolios
Credible, reasonable scope and stable, focused research programs key to continued success
Unclassified

15. Technology Development Approach
Near Term
Mid Term
Far Term
Conventional Prompt Global Strike
Capabilities
Aerodynamics
Long Range ISR
Adaptive Guidance & Health Mgmt
Long Range Cruise Missiles
Turbine-Based
Combined Cycle
TSTO Space Access
Thermal Protection Systems
Deep Strike
High-Speed Turbines
Rocket-Based Combined Cycle
U.S. Hypersonic Tech Base
Scramjets
Reusable Structures
Technologies
Time
Unclassified

16. Major Tech Base Activities
Hypersonic International Flight Research and Experimentation (HIFiRE)
NASA Hypersonic Boundary Layer Transition (HyBoLT)
High-Speed Turbine Engine Demonstrator (HiSTED)
Robust Scramjet
Falcon Combined-cycle Engine Technology (FaCET)
Mode Transition (MoTr)
NASA TBCC Activities
High Temperature Materials and Structures
NASA Structurally Integrated Thermal Protection Systems
Hypervelocity Projectile
Long-Range Anti-Ship Missile (LRASM)
Fully-reusable Access to Space Technologies (FAST)
Hybrid
Unclassified

17. Vision
To advance flight into the hypersonic regime to enable truly transformational military capabilities
Unclassified

18. Foundational Research
Unclassified

19. Prognosis This year critical for hypersonics technology development
Major flight tests: X-51A, HTV-2, HyFly
Transition opportunities?
End of efforts started under National Aerospace Initiative
Transition into regular research portfolios
Credible, reasonable scope and stable, focused research programs key to continued success
Unclassified