1. Warm-Up
In your Journal  define the following: Hellenistic Patricians Republic

2. GREECE
I will need one volunteer to help answer a question on the next slide.
Where is Greece on the map?

4. "Hellenistic"
Greece:
B.C.E.

5. Alexander the Great 356-323 B.C.E.

6. Alexander the Great’s Empire

7. Alexander the Great in Persia

8. Hellenistic Philosophers
Cynics  Diogenes
ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries.
citizens of the world.
live a humble, simple life.
Epicurians  Epicurus
avoid pain & seek pleasure.
all excess leads to pain!
politics should be avoided.

9. Hellenistic Philosophers
Stoics  Zeno
nature is the expansion of divine will.
concept of natural law.
get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but to perform virtuous acts for the good of all.
true happiness is found in great achievements.

10. Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences
Scientists / Mathematicians:
Aristarchus  heliocentric theory
Euclid  geometry
Archimedes  pulley
Ptolemy  geocentric theory

11. Ptolemaic View of the Universe

12. The “Known” World – 3c B.C.E.

13. The Breakup of Alexander’s Empire

14. The Incursion of Rome into the Hellenistic World

15. Rome
I will need one volunteer to help answer a question on the next slide.
Where is Italy on the map?

17. The Culture of Ancient Rome
Roman religion was polytheistic & based on the Greek gods (usually only the names changed)

18. The Culture of Ancient Rome
Roman writing was called Latin & was based on Greek writing

19. The Culture of Ancient Rome
Roman architecture borrowed heavily from Greek styles
Like Greek agoras, Roman cities had a forum for markets & public gatherings

20. The Culture of Ancient Rome
Society was divided among 3 major groups:
At the top were the nobles, called patricians, who controlled most of the land & held key military & gov’t positions (made up 5% of Roman citizens)

21. The Life of the Patricians

22. The Culture of Ancient Rome
Society was divided among 3 major groups:
Most people were commoners, called plebeians, who were farmers, shopkeepers, or peasants; Plebeians paid the majority of taxes (made up 95% of Roman citizens)

23. The Life of the Plebeians

24. The Culture of Ancient Rome
Society was divided among 3 major groups:
At the bottom of society were slaves & other non-Roman citizens

25. Quick Class Discussion: Based upon this image, what was Roman government like?

26. The Government of Ancient Rome
Rome was originally ruled by kings, but in 509 B.C. the Romans created a republic
A republic is a form of government in which citizens have the power to elect their leaders

27. The most important feature of the republic was the Senate, whose 300 members were elected by citizens to make laws & taxes

28. The Government of Ancient Rome
In 451 B.C., government officials wrote down Rome’s laws onto the Twelve Tables which were hung in the forum for all citizens to see
The Twelve Tables were based on the idea that all citizens had a right to the protection of the law

30. Roman aqueducts brought water to cities
The Pax Romana became the “golden age” of Rome as emperors like Augustus built roads & a merit-based bureaucracy to rule the empire
During the Pax Romana, emperors continued to expand
Roman aqueducts brought water to cities

31. Roman architects used new styles like domes & concrete to beautify cities

32. Compare the images of the Roman Coliseum & the Cowboy Stadium
Roman Architecture
Compare the images of the Roman Coliseum & the Cowboy Stadium
1. Write three similarities that you can see (or can assume) about their architecture
Who influenced the Romans in architecture?
What is one unique characteristic of Roman building?
Sketch an arch.