1. Good Morning!
What is something that you have “ingrained” into your mind?
A particular quote?
Something funny from a movie or a joke from a T.V. Show?
A particular song that you know?

3. Which penny is real?

4. Episodic
Semantic
Implicit

5. Episodic Semantic Implicit Definition IN YOUR OWN WORDS
Two interesting facts
Two personal examples
Definition IN YOUR OWN WORDS
Two interesting facts
Two personal examples
Definition IN YOUR OWN WORDS
Two interesting facts
Two personal examples

6. 3 Processes of Memory Sequential Process Keyboard (Encoding) Disk
(Storage)
Monitor
(Retrieval)
Sequential Process

7. You have 30 seconds to memorize this:
OTTFFSSENT

8. What were the letters?
How many of you tried to memorize the image?
How many of you tried to memorize the sound?
How many of you came up with a trick?

9. One
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Nine
Ten

10. Encoding: the modification of information to fit the preferred format for the memory system.
In most cases, encoding is automatic and happens without our awareness. Other encoding, however, like these notes, require extra encoding effort called elaboration to make the memory useful.

11. When we are exposed to stimuli and encode information, we do it in three ways:
Visual Codes
encoding of picture images
Acoustic Codes
encoding of sound
especially sound of words
Semantic Codes
encoding of meaning
including meaning of words

13. On a separate sheet of paper…
Write down the 12 months of the year as fast as you can
Now write them as fast as you can in alphabetical order

14. Storage: the retention of encoding material over time.
In terms of storing material, we have three stages of memory
Sensory Memory
Working Memory (short-term memory)
Long-term Memory

15. Storage
Maintenance Rehearsal: repeating new information over and over again
Elaborative Rehearsal: connecting new information to older information
Organizational systems: filing related information in an accessible way

16. Effortful learning usually requires rehearsal or conscious repetition.
Ebbinghaus studied rehearsal by using nonsense syllables: TUV YOF GEK XOZ
Hermann Ebbinghaus
( )

17. Rehearsal
The more times the nonsense syllables were practiced on Day 1,
the fewer repetitions were required to remember them on Day 2.