1. SUBSISTENCE AND COMMERCIAL
AGRICULTURE
SUBSISTENCE
AND
COMMERCIAL

2. Classification of Economic Activities & Economics
Factors -
Physical environment and cultural considerations
Exploit resources dependent upon technology
Political decisions
economic factors of demand
Quinary Activities
Executive Decision Maker
Quaternary Activities
Info/Research/Management
Tertiary Activities
Retail & Wholesale/Personal & Prof. services
Secondary Activities
Manufacturing/Processing/Construction/Power Production
Primary Activities
Agriculture/Gathering/Extractive Industries

3. Primary Activities: Agriculture
Def. : growing crops and tending livestock, for sale or subsistence.
10% of the total earth land is for crop farming.
Declining trend in agriculture employment in developing countries
Developed - 8% in most of W. Europe, < 3% in the US.
Agriculture is still the major components in developing countries

4. Agriculture in Gross Domestic Product
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Agriculture in Gross Domestic Product
Figure 8.7
8-4
Source: The World Bank

5. Declining Agricultural Employment
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Declining Agricultural Employment
Figure 8.6
8-3
Source: FAO and World Bank

6. Trends in Food Production
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Trends in Food Production
Figure 8.11
8-6
Source: Data from Food and Agricultural Organization, World Resources Institute, and U.S. Department of Agriculture.

7. Origins and Diffusion of Agriculture, Fig. 8.12
SE Asia (no date given)
rice, citrus, taro, bananas, sugarcane
secondary center - North China Plain (millet)
Fertile Crescent (10,000 bp)
wheat, barley, rye, oats
Mesoamerica (>= 5,000 bp)
corn, tomatoes, beans, squash, chiles
secondary center, Andean S. America (potato, manioc)

8. Fig 8.5 - average length of growing season

9. Differences between Subsistence and Commercial Agriculture
Purpose of farming
Percentage of farmers in the labor force
Use of machinery
Farm size
Relationship of farming to other business

10. Subsistence Agricultural Areas
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Subsistence Agricultural Areas
Figure 8.8
8-5

11. Ranching and Crop Agriculture
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Ranching and Crop Agriculture
Figure 8.21
8-12

12. Relative Value per Acre
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Relative Value per Acre
Figure 8.18
8-10
Source: Statistical Abstract of the United States.

13. Agricultural Regions of No. America
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Agricultural Regions of No. America
Figure 8.17
8-9
Source: U.S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics; Agriculture Canada; and Secretaría de Agricultura y Recursos Hidráulicos, Mexico.