1. Intro to Architecture & Organization

2. Abstractions
Need to make insanely complex hardware easier to work with:

3. Levels of a Computer
Computer levels: Abstractions used to build higher levels

4. ISA Architecture: what a computer can do
ISA : Instruction Set Architecture – the instructions a machine can perform

5. Organization Organization: how a computer implements ISA
Also called Microarchitecture

6. von Neumann Model Basic architecture of most modern computers:
A central processing unit (CPU)
A main memory system
An I/O system
Main memory stores
Data
Instructions

7. Von Neumann Model Fetch – Decode – Execute cycle
Fetch: Program counter identifies instruction to fetch from memory

8. Von Neumann Model Fetch – Decode – Execute cycle
Decode: Control unit activates hardware based on exact instruction

9. Von Neumann Model Fetch – Decode – Execute cycle
Execute: Work is executed

10. Von Neumann Bottleneck
Issue: All traffic passes through CPU

11. Von Neumann Bottleneck
Modern Von Neumann
One+ system busses

12. Memory
Memory Model

13. Memory
Memory Model

14. A Program
A problem:
And program 

15. Functional View Running any program: Stored_program_machine
Point to the first instruction
REPEAT
Read the instruction at the memory location pointed at
Point to the next instruction
Decode the instruction read from memory
Execute the instruction
UNTIL instruction == stop
End

16. Implementation 3 Op
P  Q + R