1. Dissociation of Acids
The Details

2. Strong Acids CBS and PIN HCl HBr H2SO4 HClO4 HI HNO3
All strong acids dissociate 100% and must be written as such.

3. Examples
HCl H+ + Cl- HNO3 H+ + NO3- H2SO4 H+ + HSO4- HClO4 H+ + ClO4-

4. What happens when they react with a base?
The next slide shows how to write STRONG acids when they react with a base.

5. When written in ionic equations
H+ + Cl- + Na+ + OH- HOH + Na+ Cl- H+ + OH- HOH H+ + HSO4- + Na+ + OH- HOH + HSO4- + Na+ H+ + OH- HOH H+ + I- + Na+ + OH- HOH + Na+ + I- H+ + OH- HOH

6. Weak Acids All other Acids
Do NOT dissociate 100%, so they must be written as a molecule when they are a reactant.

7. How do WEAK Acids dissociate?
They actually dissociate similarly to strong acids, in that a H+ ion is removed.
H3PO H H2PO4-
HC2H3O H C2H3O2-

8. What happens when they react with a base?
The next slide shows how to write WEAK acids when they react with a base.

9. Examples
H3PO4 + Na+ + OH- HOH + Na+ + H2PO4- H3PO4 + OH- HOH + H2PO4- HC2H3O2 + Na+ + OH- HOH + Na+ + C2H3O2- HC2H3O2 + OH- HOH + C2H3O2-

10. Keys to dissociating acids properly!
It doesn’t matter how many H+ are a part of the acid, only ONE hydrogen ion will dissociate to an appreciable amount.