1. Mendel and Monohybrid crosses

2. _____________

3. _________________________

4. Independent assortment
states that ___________pairs separate independently during the formation of ____________. This means that traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one another.

6. Possible Genotypes An individual can be;
Homozygous (pure bred): 2 of the same alleles
Homozygous _______________ RR (red)
Homozygous _______________ rr (orange)
Heterozygous (hybrid): 2 different alleles
Heterozygous Rr (Red)

7. Genotype vs. Phenotype
Genotype: the ____________makeup of an individual that indicates the specific copies of alleles present for a particular trait.
The flower can be heterozygous (Rr), homozygous dominant (RR) or homozygous recessive (rr).
Phenotype: the way an individual ______________as a results of the genes expressed.
Ex. Flower can appear RED (RR or Rr) or ORANGE (rr).

12. Example:
1. A cross between a pea plant that is heterozygous for purple flowers (Pp) is crossed with a pea plant with white flowers (pp). Determine the genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring.

13. Making a Punnet Square
State the parent generation and the possible gametes
Ex. P: Pp X pp Gametes: parent 1 – P, p ; parent 2: p, p
Draw the Punnet square using a ruler!

14. Possible genotype of offspring
Making a Punnet Square
Write the possible gametes
Fill in the punnet square by combining alleles
Recall P: Pp X pp
Parent 1 P p
Gamete p p
Possible genotype of offspring
Parent 2

15. Genetic Crosses Determine the genotype and phenotype
Answer the question (As a ratio or percentage).
As a ratio:
G:_____________________________
Ph: ____________________________
As a percent:
G: _________________________
Ph: ________________________

17. Example 2:
In guinea pigs a black coat (B) is dominant over a white coat (b). Determine the phenotype and genotype ratios if a homozygous dominant parent is crossed with a heterozygous parent.

18. P: ___________________ Gametes: __________________ F1: G: ______________________

19. Example 3:
In humans, free ear lobes (F) are dominant over attached ear lobes (f). What are the phenotype and genotype ratios of the offspring:
When a homozygous dominant female is crossed with a homozygous recessive male
Based on these results, what is the chance (percentage)of the child having attached ear lobes
What is the phenotype of the F2 generation

20. P: __________________ P: ___________________
Gametes: ____________ Gametes: ______________
F1 F2
G: ______ G: _______________
Ph: ___________ Ph: ________________
b) ________________

21. Example 4
In unicorns, a large horn (H) is dominant over a small horn (h).
If two heterozygous parents are crossed, what are the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the F1 generation.
How many offspring will be born with a small horn if the parents have 100 offspring.

22. P: _____________________
Gametes: ____________________
G: ______________________
Ph: ______________________
_________________________