1. Understanding Holden Caulfield

2. Are the struggles Holden is dealing with normal adolescent issues that all teens go through? OR
Does Holden have a mental illness or some other type of disorder?

3. Scientists are still researching the causes of mental illness
More and more people are diagnosed with mental disorders
There is a great need in our society for counseling and treatment of mental illness

4. 6 + million young people
in the US suffer from some form of a mental health disorder that SEVERELY disrupts
their ability to function
at home,
in school, or
their community.
(National Network for Child Care)

5. suffering from a mental illness?
The Question is …
Is Holden Caulfield
one of them? Is he
suffering from a mental illness?

6. With an Assigned Team
Research a mental health illness and together, create a “power point” slide show with visuals.
Prepare a 5-10 minute informative and creative presentation to help convey your information.

7. But First … What is Mental Health and Mental Illness?

8. Mental health refers to the maintenance of successful mental activity.
This includes maintaining productive daily activities and maintaining fulfilling relationships with others.
It also includes maintaining the abilities to
adapt to change and to cope with stresses.

9. It is definitely NOT easy being a teenager!
Sometimes it’s tough to avoid feeling stressed, and pressure can build up in many areas of life (socially, in school, at home, and while making big life decisions)

10. Worrying about these pressures is NORMAL.
But feeling VERY sad, hopeless or worthless might be a sign of a mental health problem.

11. Mental illness can occur when the brain (or part of the brain) is not working well or is working in the wrong way.

12. When the brain is not working properly, one or more of its 6 functions will be disrupted
Behavior
Thinking
Perception
Physical
Emotion
Signaling

13. Symptoms can include
Thinking difficulties or problems focusing attention
Extreme emotional highs and lows
Sleep problems

14. When these symptoms significantly disrupt a person’s life,
we say that the person has a
mental disorder
or a mental illness.

15. So, what are the CAUSES of mental illness??
No single factor is known to cause a specific mental disorder, rather, multiple factors, including biological or genetic factors, psychosocial factors and environmental factors, are believed to interplay to produce the symptom constellations seen in the various mental disorders.
What do we know about the causes of mental illness?
Mental illness is a brain disorder.
The symptoms of mental illness are a result of abnormal brain functioning.
Mental illness is rarely if ever caused by stress alone.
It is not the consequence of poor parenting or bad behavior.
It is not the result of personal weakness or deficits in personality.
It is not the manifestation of malevolent spiritual intent.
Only in exceptional cases is it caused by nutritional factors.
It is not caused by poverty.
Mental illness arises as a consequence of a combination of genetic and environment factors that change the functioning of the brain and impact the functioning of the individual and the body.

16. Well, the causes of mental illness are COMPLICATED!!→
No single factor is known to cause a specific mental disorder, rather, multiple factors, including biological or genetic factors, psychosocial factors and environmental factors, are believed to interplay to produce the symptom constellations seen in the various mental disorders.
What do we know about the causes of mental illness?
Mental illness is a brain disorder.
The symptoms of mental illness are a result of abnormal brain functioning.
Mental illness is rarely if ever caused by stress alone.
It is not the consequence of poor parenting or bad behavior.
It is not the result of personal weakness or deficits in personality.
It is not the manifestation of malevolent spiritual intent.
Only in exceptional cases is it caused by nutritional factors.
It is not caused by poverty.
Mental illness arises as a consequence of a combination of genetic and environment factors that change the functioning of the brain and impact the functioning of the individual and the body. +
Genetics
Environment
Brain Disorder

17.  What do we know about the causes of mental illness?
The symptoms of mental illness are a result of abnormal brain functioning.
Mental illness is a brain disorder.
Mental illness is rarely if ever caused by stress alone

18.  What do we know about the causes of mental illness?
It is not the consequence of poor parenting or bad behavior.
It is not the result of personal weakness or deficits in personality.
It is not the manifestation of malevolent spiritual intent.
Only in exceptional cases is it caused by nutritional factors.
It is not caused by poverty.

19. Many mental illnesses begin during childhood and persist into adolescence.
Some of these include:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD

20. BUT… some illnesses begin during adolescence.
The illnesses that most often begin during adolescence include:
Major Depression (MD)
Schizophrenia
Bipolar Disorder (BD)
Panic disorder
Social Anxiety Disorder
Eating Disorders
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Addictions

21. What do we know about people with mental illnesses?
Most people with mental disorders live productive and positive lives while receiving treatments for their mental illness.
Some people have severe and persistent mental disorders which respond poorly to current treatments (as in all other illnesses)
Mental illness does not respect any boundaries of race, class or geography.
The majority of people have a friend, acquaintance or family member who has or has had a mental disorder.

22. Mental health problems can be treated!
If you feel VERY sad, stressed or worried, it might help to talk to someone about how you are feeling.

23. Do you ever… Often feel very angry or very worried?
Do reckless things that could harm you or others?
Feel grief for a long time after a loss or a death?
Think your mind is controlled or out of control?
Use alcohol or drugs?
Exercise, diet and/or binge-eat obsessively?
Hurt other people or destroy property?

24. Do you ever…
Often feel very angry or very worried?
Do reckless things that could harm you or others?
Feel grief for a long time after a loss or a death?
Think your mind is controlled or out of control?
Use alcohol or drugs?
Exercise, diet and/or binge-eat obsessively?
Hurt other people or destroy property?
If you feel any of these things, it might help to talk to a parent, teacher, school counselor or physician.

25. Sun Life Financial Chair
In Adolescent Mental Health
For more information visit

26. Image Credits
Slide 1: Paulo Correa -
Slide 14: Mohsen Rasoulov -
Slide 15: Paulo Correa -