1. MATTER

2. What is Chemistry? What is Matter?
Chemistry – the study of matter, its structure, properties, and composition, and the changes that matter undergoes
What is Matter?
Matter – anything that has mass and occupies space (has density) “stuff”
Mass – measurement of the quantity of matter.
Mass is not affected by temperature, location, or any other factor known to make other measures unreliable

3. Which of the following is NOT an example of matter?
Multiple Choice F
iRespond Question
A.) air
Heat is a form of energy and does not have mass or take up space.
B.) heat
C.) smoke
D.) water vapor
E.)

4. View GPB Episode 201 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes

5. Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
A.) solid
Has definite shape and volume
Takes shape of container but will not fill its volume
B.) liquid
C.) gas
Gases will expand to take the shape and volume of any container
D.) both b and c
E.)

6. Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
A.) solid
Definite shape and volume
B.) liquid
Definite volume, indefinite shape
C.) gas
Indefinite shape and volume
D.) both b and c
E.)

7. Which state of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress?
iRespond Question
Multiple Choice F
Gases have so much space between particles that they can be compressed. The other two phases do not have much space between them (why they have a definite volume)
A.) solid
B.) liquid
C.) gas
D.) all of the above
E.)

8. Which state of matter is characterized by having a definite shape and a definite volume?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
A.) solid
Definite shape and volume
B.) liquid
Definite volume, indefinite shape
C.) gas
Indefinite shape and volume
D.) all of the above
E.)

9. All of the following are physical properties of matter EXCEPT ____.
Multiple Choice F
iRespond Question
A.) mass
Mass, color, and melting point (Phase = Physical) can be observed without altering the identity of the substance.
B.) color
C.) melting point
D.) ability to rust
E.)

10. Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
iRespond Question F
Multiple Choice
A.) color and odor
B.) melting and boiling points
All are physical
C.) malleability and hardness
D.) all of the above
E.)

11. Which of the following is a physical change?
Multiple Choice F
iRespond Question
A.) corrosion
Evaporation is a phase change (Phase = Physical) and does not alter the identity of a substance. The others do and can’t be undone.
B.) explosion
C.) evaporation
D.) rotting of food
E.)

12. A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood ____.
Multiple Choice F
iRespond Question
A.) is split
Only decaying alters the identity of the substance
B.) is painted
C.) decays
D.) is cut
E.)

13. Intensive and Extensive Properties
depend on how much of a particular sample is on hand
Intensive Properties
do not depend on how much sample is present
Volume
Mass
Weight
Melting point
Boiling point
Density

14. Density The amount of stuff in a given space
Density is a ratio of mass to volume
Density = Mass
Volume

15. Problems
Calculate the density of a material that has a mass of g and a volume of 13.5 cm3.
D = g = 3.96 g/cm3
13.5cm3
How many grams of tin would occupy 5.5 cm3, if it has a density of g/cm3?
7.625 g/cm3 = X X = 42 g
5.5cm3
Pure gold has a density of g/cm3. How large would a piece of gold be if it had a mass of grams?
19.32 g/cm3 = g X = cm3 X

16. A 50. 0 mL liquid sample has a mass of 50. 7 g
A 50.0 mL liquid sample has a mass of 50.7 g. The density of the sample is
Multiple Choice F
iRespond Question
A.) 50.7 g/mL
D = 50.7 g = 1.01 g/mL
50 mL
B.) 1.01 g/mL
C.) g/mL
D.) 2535 g/mL
E.)

17. A substance has a density of 25 g/cm3 and takes up 15 mL
A substance has a density of 25 g/cm3 and takes up 15 mL. What is its mass?
Multiple Choice F
iRespond Question
A.) 1.67 g
25 g/cm3 = X
15 mL
B.) 375 g
C.) 0.6 g
D.)
E.)

18. What volume will 67 grams of copper with a density of 8.96 g/mL occupy?
Multiple Choice F
iRespond Question
A.) 0.13 mL
8.96 g/mL = 67 g X
B.) 7.48 mL
C.) 600 mL
D.)
E.)

19. Watch GPB Video 202 Classification of Matter

20. Classification of Matter
All matter can be put into two categories; pure substances and mixtures

21. Pure Substances
All samples have the same properties or characteristics and have identical composition
They cannot be separated by physical methods
Elements and Compounds are pure substances

22. Element
● Cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical change
● Contains only one type of atom

23. Elements in Nature Location Element Abundance Air Nitrogen Oxygen 78%
21%

24. H O N Cl Br I F Diatomic Elements
Are always bonded to themselves in free state (ex: O2)
H O N Cl Br I F
y rdrogen
xygen
itrogen
orine
omine
odine
luorine

25. Compounds
● A substance made up of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) always has a ratio of 1 carbon to 2 oxygen atoms
● Properties differ from those of the elements that make it up
● Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by a chemical change (ex: H2O)

26. Mixtures
a blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
Salt water or Air

27. Characteristics of Mixtures
● Amount of each substance can be varied
● Individual properties remain
unchanged
● Can be separated by physical means

28. Homogenous Mixture
components are uniformly dispersed (same throughout).
Often referred to as Solutions
Ex: Salt water or air

29. Heterogeneous Mixture
components are not uniformly dispersed (different).
Ex: Pile of Salt and Pepper

30. What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
iRespond Question F
Multiple Choice
A.) A compound consists of more than one phase.
B.) A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
C.) A mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
D.) A mixture must be uniform in composition.
E.)

31. Which of the following is true about compounds?
iRespond Question F
Multiple Choice
A.) They can be physically separated into their component elements.
B.) They have compositions that vary.
C.) They are substances.
D.) They have properties similar to those of their component elements.
E.)

32. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
iRespond Question F
Multiple Choice
A.) air
B.) salt water
C.) steel
D.) soil
E.)

33. Matter Test Basics of 3 Phases of Matter
Physical/Chemical Properties & Changes
Law of Conservation of Matter
Density Calculations
Intensive/Extensive Properties
Distinguish Between Pure Substances & Mixtures
Elements: Properties
Compounds: Properties
Mixtures: Properties
Distinguish Between Homogeneous/Heterogeneous Mixtures

34. States (Phases) of Matter
What are the general properties of the three states of matter?
Explain them in terms of shape and volume

35. SOLID Holds its shape Has a definite volume
Particles are in fixed positions

36. LIQUID
Has a definite volume
Takes the shape of its container

37. GAS Has no definite shape or volume Expands to fill its container
Easily compressed

38. Properties
set of characteristics by which the substance is recognized

39. Physical Properties
observed without altering the identity of the substance
Density
Hardness
Color
Conductivity
Melting Point

40. Chemical Properties
Can only be observed by altering the composition of a substance
Flammability
Reactivity with another substance

41. Changes in Matter Physical Changes
changes that do not alter the identity of the substance
crushing, tearing, phase changes, dissolving
Chemical Changes
changes that alter the identity of a substance, a new substance is formed
burning, cooking, chemical reactions