1. Columns With Combined Bending and Axial Load

5. Choosing Column Cross-section
Can neglect slenderness of columns in braced frames when:
with
where:
Ψ = 0.30 for rectangular cross section columns, 0.25 for circular cross sections
M1 = the smaller of the two end moments, to be taken as POSITIVE for columns bend in single curvature and NEGATIVE for columns bent in double curvature.
M2 = the larger of the two end moments, always taken as POSITIVE.

6. Interaction Diagrams
h - 2[cover + tie diameter] + bar radius