1. Civil Rights The Early Years1

2. The Slave Trade Cash crops – cotton and tobacco
Need for labor – esp in South

3. Life After the Civil War
16 African Americans who represented southern states
in Congress between The last black congressman
from the south in this era was George Henry White of NC.
Elected in 1897 his term ended in For the next 28 years
No African Americans served in Congress.

4. Reconstruction
13th Amendment
14th Amendment
15th Amendment 3

5. Hate Reigns Hate groups flourish
Whites take away power, restrict voting 4

6. Jim Crow Laws Plessy v. Ferguson- “Separate but Equal”
Homer Plessy arrested for sitting in whites only railroad car in Louisiana
Supreme court rules separate
is okay if facilities are equal 5

9. Early Civil Rights Leaders
Booker T. Washington (former slave) - strength through $
WEB DuBois- social and
political equality
DuBois founded
NAACP 1909
National Association for
the Advancement of Colored
People 6

10. Thurgood Marshall – NAACP’s lead attorney
Brown vs The Board of Education 1954
Topeka, Kansas – school district sued for prohibiting black children from enrolling in white school
NAACP takes it to the Supreme Court
Earl Warren – Chief Justice - ruled SEPARATE IS NOT EQUAL 7