1. Homeostasis: Active & Passive Transport

3. Which way will water move
Type of solution
What is it
Which way will water move
What happens to a cell placed in the solution?
Hypertonic
More solute outside the cell than inside the cell
Outside the cell
Shrink
Hypotonic
More solute inside the cell than outside the cell
Inside the cell
Swell
Isotonic
Equal concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell
Movement of water is equal
nothing

5. Movement of water What will happen to a cell that is too hypertonic?
The cell will shrink
What will happen to a cell that is too hypotonic?
The cell will burst!

6. Transport What does transport mean? How many kinds are there?
The movement of something
How many kinds are there? 2
What are they called?
Passive transport and active transport

7. Passive Transport
Definition: Movement of particles through the plasma membrane with no energy
Particles move down the concentration gradient
What does this mean?
Particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration
*(think of the tennis ball example)

8. Facilitated Diffusion
Definition: passive transport of materials across the membrane using transport proteins
Channel proteins: form channels allowing specific molecules to flow through
Carrier proteins: change shape to allow a substance to pass through the plasma membrane

9. Specialized Passive Transport
The movement of any molecule across a selectively permeable membrane with the concentration gradient is referred to as Diffusion.
The movement of H20 across a selectively permeable membrane with the concentration gradient is referred to as Osmosis.

11. Active Transport
Definition: Movement of particles through a membrane against a concentration gradient
***REQUIRES ENERGY!!!!!!!! ***:O
Which way do particles move??
LOW concentration to HIGH concentration

12. Active Transport
Uses carrier proteins to move particles against the concentration gradient

13. Passive vs. Active transport
Type of transport
Transport protein used
Direction of movement
Requires energy input from cell?
Classification of transport
Simple diffusion No
Down the concentration gradient
Passive
Facilitated diffusion
Yes-channel and/or carrier proteins
Active transport
Yes-carrier proteins
Against the concentration gradient
yes
Active

14. Transport of large particles
Endocytosis: Cell surrounds and takes in material from the environment (Enters)
Exocytosis: Cell expels (releases) material from a cell (usually to remove wastes) (Exits)

16. What are buffers?
Buffers are essential for many biochemical processes. It serves to maintain the correct pH and temperature necessary as many enzymes work only under precise pH and temperature conditions.
Without buffers necessary chemical reactions in cells would not happen resulting in cell death.