1. Application of the Troop Leading Procedures

2. Tools of the Tactician OAKOC Observation and METT-TC Mission Enemy
TLP STEPS
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning Order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess
METT-TC
Mission
Enemy
Terrain
Troops
Time
Civilian
OAKOC
Observation and
Fields of Fire
Avenues of
Approach
Key and Decisive
Obstacles
Cover and
Concealment
Reconnaissance is conducted based on the tentative plan. Information
discovered during recon is “plugged back in” to the estimate of the situation.
It can cause a change of plan or even a change of mission.

3. Troop Leading Procedures 8 Steps
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning Order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

4. Step 1: Receive the Mission
Receive a mission alert in the form of a Combat Order
Warning Order (WARNO)
Operations Order (OPORD)
Fragmentary Order (FRAGO)
The leader immediately begins a mission analysis using the factors of METT-TC and the Military Decision Making Process
Conduct an initial time
management analysis using
“One-third: Two-thirds” Rule
Backward Planning Process
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

5. Step 1: Receive the Mission
IME AVAILABLE
ERRAIN AND WEATHER
ROOPS AND SUPPORT AVAILABLE
ISSION
NEMY
IVILIAN CONSIDERATIONS
Analysis of the Mission
Tasks - Specified, Implied, Essential
Constraints / Limitations
Write Restated Mission
Guides the leader through the decision making process

6. Step 1: Receive the Mission
Mission Analysis

7. Step 1: Receive the Mission
TIME ANALYSIS
1/3 - 2/3 Rule
Backward Planning Process

8. Step 2: Issue a Warning Order
Purpose
Issue immediately after mission analysis
Do not sacrifice time to gain more info
OPORD Format
At a minimum WARNO should include:
Mission or nature of the operation
Who is participating in the operation
Time of operation
Time and place for operations order
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

9. Step 2: Issue a Warning Order
Operations Order- A Basic Outline
Situation
Enemy Forces
Friendly Forces
Attachments and Detachments
Mission
Execution
Concept of the Operation
Maneuver
Fires
Tasks to Maneuver Units
Tasks to Combat Support Units
Coordinating Instructions
Service Support
General
Material and Services
Supply
Transportation
Services
Maintenance
Medical Examinations
Personnel
Miscellaneous
Command and Signal
Command
Signal

10. Step 3: Make a Tentative PlanC
IME AVAILABLE
ERRAIN AND WEATHER
ROOPS AND SUPPORT AVAILABLE
ISSION
NEMY
IVILIAN CONSIDERATIONS
OAKOC
Observation and Fields of Fire
Avenues of Approach
Key and Decisive Terrain
Obstacles
Cover and Concealment
Guides the leader through the decision making process

11. Step 4: Initiate Movement
May occur at any point in the Troop Leading Process
The steps do not have to be accomplished in order
Can be conducted by subordinate leaders
Includes movement to positions closer to LD, initial inspections, reconnaissance, battle drill rehearsals or SOP items
If the reconnaissance reveals a change in the situation, the plan must be adjusted accordingly.
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

12. Step 5: Conduct Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance is used to confirm terrain and/or enemy analysis and tactical options
Situation and time available dictate the type and detail of reconnaissance
Map, terrain model, aerial photo, ground
Plan and conduct a leader’s reconnaissance for every mission.
Consider risk inherent in moving forward of friendly lines, or into unoccupied area.
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

13. Step 6: Complete the Plan
Develop OPORD based on tentative plan, reconnaissance and additional guidance.
Review plan to ensure that the Commander’s mission and intent is satisfied.
Consider whether reconnaissance and changes to current situation may change or alter tentative plan.
Use five paragraph format and
common tactical language from
FM (Chapter 5) and FM 5-0.
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

14. Step 7: Issue the Order Can be issued either orally or written
Issue while observing the combat area if possible
Supplements to OPORDs:
Terrain models
Sand Table
Map boards/Overlays
Sketches
Fire Support Matrix
All subordinates MUST understand the plan
Use briefbacks
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

15. Step 8: Supervise and Assess
Rehearsals
Inspections
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

16. Step 8: Supervise and Assess
Rehearsals: The leader uses rehearsals to:
Practice essential tasks (improve performance).
Reveal weaknesses or problems in the plan.
Coordinate the actions of subordinate elements. Improve soldier understanding of the concept of the operation (foster confidence in soldiers).
Inspections:
Pre Combat Checks (PCCs): Soldier items
Pre Combat Inspections (PCIs): Mission essential equipment
Troop Leading Procedures
Receive the Mission
Issue a Warning order
Make a Tentative Plan
Initiate Movement
Conduct Reconnaissance
Complete the Plan
Issue the Order
Supervise and Assess

17. Step 8: Supervise and Assess
REHEARSALS:
Must be habitual during training in order to effectively employ units tactically.
Clarifies Commander’s intent.
Reinforces scheme of maneuver.
Ensures understanding and instills confidence in participants.
Provides feedback and exposes problems in the plan.

18. Step 8: Supervise and Assess
INSPECTIONS:
Pre-Combat Inspections (PCIs)
Weapons and ammo: test fire
Uniforms and equipment
Mission Essential Equipment
Soldiers understanding of mission and their specific responsibilities
Communications: radios, frequencies, batteries
Rations and water
Camouflage; personnel and equipment

19. Troop Leading Procedures
1. Receive the Mission
2. Issue a Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise and Assess
The order of these steps doesn’t change
Steps 4-7 are interchangeable.
Step 8 occurs throughout the process.

20. Troop Leading Procedures
CHALLENGES
Determine specified, implied, and essential tasks
Manage available time
Delegate during planning and preparation
Analyze courses of action and make decisions
Brief WARNORD, OPORD and FRAGO
Conduct rehearsals and inspections 14 2

21. Troop Leading Procedures
PRACTICAL EXERCISE
Review the platoon order
Individually write a WARNO
Guided discussion
Make a tentative plan (Step 3)
Initiate movement (Step 4)
Reconnoiter (Step 5)
Complete the Plan (Step 6)
HOMEWORK
Issue complete order (Step 7)
Supervise (Step 8)