1. Images

2. Genetic diagrams show how characteristics are inherited according to Mendel’s laws. All of the first generation, the F1 generation, were tall-stemmed. Mendel then interbred these Tt plants to form the F2 generation.

3. Punnett square showing the monohybrid
inheritance of crossing the F1 generation

4. A pair of chromosomes and their genes
A pair of chromosomes and their genes. Many of the genes have different alleles on the two chromosomes.

5. Monohybrid inheritance The inheritance of just one characteristic (such as height). DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) The chemical that governs the inheritance of characteristics and carries the genetic information. Chromosomes The coiled, double helix structures that comprise DNA and are found in the nucleus of cells. The human cell nucleus contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. Genes Short sections of chromosomes which code for particular characteristics. Each matching pair of chromosomes contains the same genes. Alleles Different forms of each gene. Each allele of a gene codes for the same characteristic but for a slightly different version of it. Dominant allele Controls the development of the visible characteristic even if it is only present on one of the chromosomes. Recessive allele Controls the development of the visible characteristic only if the dominant allele is not present. 5