1. Nonmetals and Metalloids
Study Pack #7

2. Learning Targets…
I can recognize that groups of elements have similar properties.
I understand that elements and compounds can be classified by how they react with each other and how they are used.

3. Nonmetals on the Periodic Table
Located to the right of the zigzag

4. Physical Properties of Nonmetals
Many are gases at room temperature
Bromine is the only nonmetal that is liquid at room temperature
Low boiling points

5. Physical Properties of Nonmetals
Opposite of metals
Dull
Brittle: not malleable or ductile, break easily or crumble
Lower densities than metals
Poor conductors of heat and electricity

6. Chemical Properties of Nonmetals
Most easily form compounds except group 18

7. Families of Nonmetals Carbon Family Nitrogen Family Oxygen Family
Halogen Family
Noble Gases
Hydrogen

8. The Carbon Family Group 14 Only one element that is a nonmetal – C
All living things contain carbon

9. The Nitrogen Family Group 15 2 nonmetals – N and P
Living things use nitrogen, it is found in the atmosphere
Phosphorous is found in compounds

10. The Oxygen Family Group 16 3 nonmetals – 0, S, Se
Oxygen is very reactive and can combine with just about every other element
Sulfur is found in rubber bands, automobile tires, medicines

11. The Halogen Family Group 17 4 nonmetals - F, Cl, Br, I Very reactive
Dangerous to humans
Compounds are useful
F – nonstick cookware, flouride
Cl – table salt

12. The Noble Gases
Group 18
Are unreactive, do not form compounds with other elements
He – balloons
Also found in glowing electric lights

13. Hydrogen Upper left corner Simplest element
Only has 1 proton and 1 electron
Cannot be grouped into a family

14. Metalloids 7 elements along the zigzag
Have some characteristics of metals and nonmetals
Si – sand, glass, and cement
Semiconductors – conduct electricity under certain conditions
Used to make computer chips, transistors, and lasers