1. Condensed Matter
Chap. 13: Day 1

2. Elastic collision = ideal
REAL GASES STICK

3. Solids Orderly arrangement of particles Atoms VIBRATE & ROTATE.
Do NOT translate.
Have set shape and V.

4. Disorderly arrangement of particles
Liquids
They FLOW: takes the shape of container
Close together: set Volume. Difficult to compress
Disorderly arrangement of particles

5. Intermolecular Forces
Force BETWEEN molecules
Holds molecules together
Determined by bonds (INTRAmolecular) or type of compound
strong force = solid (ionic bonds)
Melting points and boiling points depend on the intermolecular forces
Stronger the forces the higher the temperatures (Direct)

7. Changing
Phases
Changing
Position
Changing
Potential
Energy

8. Heating/Cooling Curve
Energy changes associated with phase changes
Temperature =
KINETIC Energy
D Phase = D Position: due to D POTENTIAL Energy

9. D Phase
D T
D Phase
D T
D T

10. Changes of State
Melting
solid
liquid
gas
Freezing

11. Changes of State
Vaporization
Condensation

12. condensation
evaporation

13. Evaporation Conversion of a liquid to vapor below its boiling point.
ONLY at the surface.
Difference between a vapor and gas:
Vapor is normally a liquid or solid at room temperature

14. SURFACE

15. Boiling Point
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure
The entire liquid is changing state, not just the surface.
Water boils at 1000C

16. The entire liquid is changing state, not just the surface.
Boiling Point
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.
The entire liquid is changing state, not just the surface.
Water boils at 100C

17. Changes of State Sublimation Deposition Vaporization Melting solid
liquid
gas
Condensation
Freezing
Deposition

18. Sublimation
solid goes directly to a gas (vapor): liquid phase does not exist.

19. S U B L I M A T O N
EVAPORATION G G L S

20. DEPOSITION

21. STRONG INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
Nonvolatile Substances
High boiling points
Low vapor pressure
Don’t change phase easily
WEAK INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
*Volatile substances
Low boiling points
High vapor Pressure
changes phase easily