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Published byGeorgiana Baker Modified over 6 years ago
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Recent advances in the pathophysiology of nephrolithiasis
Khashayar Sakhaee Kidney International Volume 75, Issue 6, Pages (March 2009) DOI: /ki Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 1 Physicochemical scheme for the development of uric acid stones. Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 2 Mechanisms of urinary acidification.
Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 3 Acute acid loading. Previously published in Sakhaee et al.21
Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 4 Inpatient net acid excretion. Net acid excretion=NH4+ + TA–(HCO3-+Cit). Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 5 Oxalate catabolism and energy conservation in Oxalobacter formigenes. Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 6 Oxalobacter formigenes in stool among patients with recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stones and non-stone formers. Previously published as a modification of information obtained from Kaufman et al.108 Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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Figure 7 Sites and characteristics of crystal deposition. A transmission electron micrograph showing a crystalline structure composed of concentric layers of crystalline material (light) and matrix protein (dark). Previously published in Evan et al.127 Kidney International , DOI: ( /ki ) Copyright © 2009 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
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