1. Chapter 2: Antacids

2. Introductory Activity – Part 1
Fill a film canister about half-full with room temperature water. Place about a quarter of a tablet of Alka-Seltzer ® in the canister and quickly push the top on. Stand back and observe. This is called an “Alka-Seltzer ® cannon.”
In your lab group, brainstorm all of the chemistry involved in this process. What chemistry would you need to learn about to understand what’s happening? Share your brainstorming with the class.

3. Introductory Activity – Part 2
List everything you know about acids and bases. Where have you used them or come in contact with them in your life? Explain what you understand about antacids. Share your ideas with the class.

4. Antacids
This chapter will introduce the chemistry needed to understand how antacids work
Section 2.1: Types of Matter
Section 2.2: Naming Chemicals
Section 2.3: Writing Formulas
Section 2.4: Acids & Bases
Section 2.5: Characteristics of Acids & Bases
Section 2.6: Chemical Reactions
Section 2.7: Balancing Chemical Equations
Section 2.8: Speeding up Chemical Reactions

5. Balanced Chemical Equations
Antacids
Are a
Chemical
Formulas
Mixture
Used in
Symbolized
with
Balanced Chemical Equations
Of different
Compounds
Symbolized
with
undergo
Some are
Chemical Reactions
Acids & Bases
Collision Theory
Speed governed by

6. Intro—Antacids

7. Why do we need antacids?
Your body needs hydrochloric acid to digest food
Too much acid causes heartburn, ulcers and can damage your esophagus

8. Antacids versus Acid Inhibitors
There are two types of medicines you can use:
Antacids
Acid Inhibitors
Neutralizes the acid currently in your system
Control the amount of acid your body produces
Work quickly but your body will make more acid again
Long-term solution, but needs to build up in your system to be most effective
Alka-Seltzer ®, Rolaids ®, Tums ®, Malox ®, Mylanta ®
Tagamat ®, Zantac ®, Pepcid AC ®
Is it fair when a commercial compares the fast action of an antacid to an acid inhibitor that takes up to 7 days to build up?

9. Section 2.1—Types of Matter

10. Matter can be classified

11. Matter MATTER = Anything that has mass and takes up space
All Matter is made from atoms
Examples of matter:
Molecules
Cells
People
Air
Water

12. Pure Substances versus Mixtures
Matter is classified as either a pure substance or a mixture
Pure Substances
Mixtures
Every piece of matter is the same (constant composition)
More than one type of matter mixed together
(varied composition)

13. Elements versus Compounds
Pure substances are either elements or compounds
Elements
Compound
Every atom is the same type of atom
More than one type of atom chemically bonded together. Every molecule is the same.

14. Elements can be found on the periodic table!
Single Atom
Cannot be separated (broken down) by chemical or physical processes!
Element
Pure substance
Every atom is the same
Elements can be found on the periodic table!

15. Every molecule is the same
Compounds
Single Molecule
Made of more than one type of atom bonded together
Can be separated by chemical reactions only
Compound
Pure substance
Every molecule is the same

16. Mixtures Homogeneous Heterogeneous (aka “solution”)
Mixtures can be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous
Homogeneous
(aka “solution”)
Heterogeneous
It looks the same throughout
Different matter can be seen (chunks, bubbles, floaties, layers, etc.)

17. Physical combination of more than 1 type of pure substance
Mixtures
>1 different type of matter
Can be separated chemically or physically
Mixture
Not a pure substance
Physical combination of more than 1 type of pure substance

18. Mixture possibilities
Mixtures can be any combination of solids, liquids and gases:
Solid-solid: Medicine tablet
Solid-gas: Pop Rocks candy
Solid-liquid: Ice water
Liquid-liquid: Lemon water/Rubbing Alcohol
Gas-Liquid: Carbonated water (aka – Pop)
Gas-Gas: Air

19. True solutions, Colloids & Suspensions
Particles don’t settle out and are too small to scatter light
Particles don’t settle out but are large enough to scatter light
Particles will settle out over time
Dissolved Particle Size Increases

20. Particles Scattering Light
If the dissolved particles are large enough to scatter light, we say it exhibits the “Tyndall Effect”
Solution
Light passes through unchanged
Colloids exhibit the Tyndall Effect
Light is scattered by larger solute particles

21. Connect these concepts with Antacids
What type of matter do you think antacids are?
Pure substance (Element or compound)
Mixture (homogeneous or heterogeneous)

22. Connect these concepts with Antacids
Antacids are mixtures.
They contain active & inactive ingredients
What purposes could the inactive ingredients serve?

23. Connect these concepts with Antacids
Inactive ingredients might
Add enough volume to make the pill able to be handeled
Add color
Add flavor
Allow the tablet to be compressed and formed

24. Let’s Practice Example: Tin foil
Determine if each is element, compound, homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures
Tin foil
Copper pipe
Concrete
Carbon tetrachloride
Sports drink

25. Let’s Practice Example:
Determine if each is element, compound, homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures
Tin foil
Element
Copper pipe
Element
Concrete
Heterogeneous mix
Carbon tetrachloride
Compound
Sports drink
Homogenous mix