1. The Magnificent World of Muscles

2. What are Muscles for? To provide the ability of locomotion
To provide movement for the proper function of organs

3. Double Muscling
It’s a mutation!
Good or Bad?

4. Types of Muscle
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

5. Skeletal Muscle Muscle attached to skeleton
Also called striated muscle
The action of the muscle is voluntarily controlled

6. Skeletal Muscles Skeletal Muscle fibers are striated (striped).
I band
A band
Skeletal Muscle fibers are striated (striped).
Striated appearance is due to the alternating:
I bands-Light colored
A bands-Dark Colored

7. Smooth Muscle
Found on the walls of all the hollow organs of the body (except the heart)
General not voluntary
Controls functions of:
Arterial blood flow
Bladder
Air through the lungs

8. Cardiac Muscle Comprises the wall of the heart
Not under voluntary control
You cannot voluntarily stop and start your heart

9. Muscle Fibers

10. How do I make a Muscle?
Muscles are composed of many cylindrical muscle fibers.
The fibers are bound together into bundles by connective tissue.

11. Muscle Fibers
Muscle fibers are not single cells, they’re fused together.
Group of fused muscle cells= Sarcomere
vs Cheek cells

12. Muscle Fibers Contain 4 Parts
Sarcolemma
The “skin” that holds everything in
Myofibrils
Stacked lengthwise and run the entire length of the fiber
Sarcosome
Converts food into energy
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Converts protein into fat

13. Muscle Fibers
Sarcosome

14. Myofibrils Each myofibril is made up of two types of filaments:
Thick filaments
Contain the protein Myosin
Thin filaments
Contain the protein Actin

15. Sarcomere
The Sarcomere is the set of thick and thin filaments between the two Z lines.

16. Sarcomere cont. The thick filaments produce dark A bands
A bands are dissected by the H zone
The H zone is the area where the thick filaments do not overlap the thin filaments.
The thin filaments extend in each direction from the Z line.
Where thin filaments do not over lap thick filaments, they create the light colored I bands.
I bands are dissected by the Z line

17. Sarcomere
DRAW THIS!

18. Funtivities!!! In your Interactive Notebook, draw a sarcomere.
Label the following parts:
I band
A band
Z lines
H zone
Thin filaments
Thick filaments

19. Muscle Contractions

20. Muscle Contraction
Refers to the generation of tension by muscle fibers with the help of motor neurons
Locomotion is only possible due to the repeated contraction of muscles at the correct times

21. Relaxed Muscle
Contracted Muscle

22. Concentric Contraction
Muscles shorten while generating force
Shortens according to the sliding filament mechanism
A biceps curl

23. Eccentric Contraction
Muscle elongates while under tension
Usually occur as a “braking” force in opposition of Concentric Contraction
Voluntarily or involuntarily protects the joints
Aid in giving smoothness to actions
Throwing a ball
Reducing eccentric braking in pitching practice

24. Isometric Contraction
There is no change in the length of the muscle while generating force
Carrying an object in front of you
The weight of the object would be pulling downward
The muscles in your hands and arms would be opposing the motion upwards
Since the arms are neither raising or lowering, the bicep muscle is isometrically contracted

25. 15 Muscular System Fun Facts!

26. Muscular System Fun Facts!
1. Muscles make up 40% of your body weight. 2. It takes twice as long to gain muscle than it does to lose it.

27. Muscular System Fun Facts!
3. The smallest muscle is the stapedius which found in the middle ear. 4. The Largest muscle is the gluteus maximus in your buttocks.

28. Muscular System Fun Facts!
5. The longest muscle is the Sartorius, found in your thigh – up to 12 inches long.
6. It takes 200 muscles to take one step.

29. Muscular System Fun Facts!
7. Humans are born with all the muscle fibers they will ever have. 8. Arnold Schwarzenegger has as many muscles fibers as the average person, they’re just thicker.

30. Muscular System Fun Facts!
9. Relative to its size, your tongue is the strongest muscle in your body. 10. It takes 17 muscles to smile and 43 to frown.

31. Muscular System Fun Facts!
11. Your heart is the only muscle that never gets tired. 12. Eye muscles are the busiest muscles in the body- they move more than 100,000 times a day.

32. Muscular System Fun Facts!
13. Muscles can contract, pull, and relax but they cannot push. 14. There are approx. 696 muscles in your body- 200 of them are voluntary.

33. Muscular System Fun Facts!
15. 85% of body heat is generated by muscle contractions. Shivers work to heat up your body.