1. First Order RL and RC Circuit 7.1-7.4,7.5, 7.7

2. Natural Response Definition: The currents and voltages that arise when stored energy in an inductor or capacitor is suddenly released to a resistive network

3. RL Circuit The switch opens at t=1S

4. Switch Setting The switch opens at t=1 Name of switch: sw_topen ROPEN=1 Mohms RCLOSE=0.01 Ohms

5. Transient Simulation Run a transient simulation from 0 to 10 s

6. Use Probe to Measure V

7. Simulation Results For t<1S, current (1A) flow through L1, generating a VIN and VOUT=0. At t=1S, the current through L1 is 1A, so Vout=1V. At t>1S, VIN=-1V. What if you increase R2 by 10 times?

8. R2=1 Ohms R2=10 Ohms

9. L/R Constant The rate that Vout drops to zero is related to L/R time constant. – The smaller the L/R time constant, the faster Vout drops to 0. – R2=10Ohms results in a circuit that drops to zero faster than R2=1 Ohm

10. Natural Response of RC Circuit C1 is charged until about t=2. C1 starts to charge at t=5.

11. Simulation Results VX=Vout after t=5! VX does not discharge between t=2-5S.

12. Purposely Discharge C1 Between Switching Events

13. Step Response Definition: The currents and voltages that arise when energy is being acquired by an inductor or capacitor due to the sudden application of dc voltage or current source.

14. Step Response of an RL Circuit

15. Vout & Vin t=0

16. Measurement Result

17. Step Response of a RC Circuit

18. Step Response of an RC Circuit Note that the voltage across the capacitor is initially zero because Q can not change instantaneously.

19. C=1 F C=2 F V=Q/C

20. Experiment 1 (Large) No Voltage divider

21. Experiment 2 (change to 3) (Takes longer go charge, Less current is available)

22. R5 At DC, the op-amp is not able to provide feedback. Thus V- is not equal to V+. A resistor should be added in parallel of C1 so as to provide feedback at DC.

23. Select value of R5 This term should be minimized.

24. Choice of R5 R5=330 Kohms C1=92 nF R5=1 Kohms C1=92 nF