1. Reproduction Notes
Reproduction: the ability of a species to produce new organisms
Asexual Reproduction:
1 parent
Offspring genetically identical to parent
New cells produced by mitosis

2. Sexual Reproduction 2 parents Offspring genetically different
Cells from each parent unite to make 1st cell (of new organism)

3. Forms of Asexual Reproduction
Binary Fission
Explanation:
Parent splits, forming 2 offspring
Organisms:
Bacteria and some protists

4. BINARY FISSION OF BACTERIA

5. BINARY FISSION OF PARAMECIUM, A PROTIST

6. Budding Explanation: New organism formed by outgrowth from parent
Organisms
Hydra, yeast

7. BUDDING OF HYDRA

8. BUDDING OF YEAST

9. Regeneration Explanation:
Replacement or regrowth of missing body parts
Fragmentation:
Parent breaks into fragments, which become offspring
Organisms:
Starfish, planaria

10. REGENERATION AND FRAGMENTATION IN PLANARIA

11. REGENERATION OF STARFISH

12. FRAGMENTATION OF STARFISH

13. Parthenogenesis Explanation Unfertilized egg develops into an adult!
No sperm involved
Organisms:
Honeybees (unfertilized egg develops into male drone bees)

14. PARTHENOGENESIS - APHIDS

15. APHID INFESTATION AS A RESULT OF PARTHENOGENESIS

16. Spore Formation – add Explanation:
Reproductive structure released to environment. Not a seed!
Survive for long times in unfavorable conditions, then develop to new organism when conditions become better.
Organisms:
Molds, fungi, bacteria (anthrax)

17. SPORULATION OF BREAD MOLD

18. Anthrax Spores

19. Vegetative Propagation
Explanation:
When roots, stems, or leaves give rise to new plants
Roots, stems, & leaves are called VEGETATIVE structures, whereas flowers are usually the REPRODUCTIVE structure
Natural forms:
Bulbs, corms, tubers, runners, rhizomes
Artificial:
Cuttings, layering, grafting

20. Forms of Vegetative Propagation
Cutting
Part of stem, root, or leaf is cut off of plant
Grows into a complete plant if conditions are favorable.

21. Bulbs
Like budding, an underground storage stem that can be broken off of the original plant and planted else where – it will grow into a new plant.

22. VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION BY BULB

23. Corms Solid swollen underground bulb-shaped stems or stem bases
Serve as a reproductive structure

24. VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION BY CORM

25. Tuber
A tuber is an enlarged part of an underground stem that contains stored food

26. Peanut Plant

27. Harvesting Peanuts

28. VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION BY TUBER

29. Runners
Stem like structure that shoots out from original plant, grows on surface

30. VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION BY RUNNERS

31. Grafting
Attaching a branch (scion) from one plant to the trunk(stock) of another. The 2 stems grow together w/ characteristics of the scion.

32. ARTIFICIAL VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION - GRAFTING