1. Parent and Family Involvement
Systems of Support
Teacher/Parent Interactions

2. Parents and Their Children
Parental Reactions
Dealing with the “Public”
Dealing with their child
Parental and Family Adjustment

3. Parental Reactions Perceptions of Home/School Responsibilities
Attributions of Observed Difficulties
Are they “at fault”?

4. Dealing with the “Public”
Vulnerable to criticism
Defensiveness about their parenting and their child
Assertiveness to advocate and defend children

5. Dealing with their child
Answering questions about learning; feeling of incompetence
Uncertainty
Honesty

6. Parental and Family Adjustment
Gender Roles (especially re: fathers)
Underlying parental roles and issues tend to exacerbate school-related
The need to recognize the advantages of parents

7. Working with Families
Assessment
Planning
Programming

8. Assessment Assistance in assessing child strengths and needs
Ensure empowerment in the decision making progress
Apprise them of their rights
Provide an atmosphere conducive to participation

9. Planning Engage the parent as educator of the child
Ensure home-school academic activities
Identify goals that parents can help accomplish

10. Programming Working into classrooms
Parent equity in school-home relationship
Provide ways for parents to learn academic support skills
in the home
in the school
Encourage support and advocacy (double-edged sword of socio-economic class perceptions)